Creation of Two Reclassified Engineering Geological Maps of Iraq Based on Existing Geological Map

Abstract

This study focuses on classifying the Iraqi surface geology into engineering geological zones of two different types with their illustration on created maps, and this is done by utilizing an existing geological map as a foundation. However, the geological map obtained has a scale of 1: 4 000 000; thus, the resulting Engineering Geological maps will be considered schematic maps, and the outcomes will deliver information related to this scale. The study aims to develop the accuracy and application of geological data and information for many possible projects, including the construction of engineering projects in Iraq. Through a thorough evaluation, analysis, and reclassification procedures, the resulting maps provide important insights into the engineering geological nature of the region.

Furthermore, the study seeks to enrich the engineering geology field research in Iraq by comparing and applying international classifications and methodologies, in particular those from the Czech Republic and Poland. The methodology involved a comprehensive analysis of the geological formations that appeared on the surface of Iraq’s area, followed by categorizing them into different engineering geological zones; this is done based on the Czech and Polish engineering geological classifications. Moreover, by the technology and the contribution that the ArcGIS pro software offers, engineering geological maps were produced for the first time in Iraq, resulting in 17 engineering geological zones based on the Czech classification and six zones using the Polish classification.

The significance of the study and its outcomes are not only to be considered as a contribution to advance the engineering geological data for maps and their practices but also its importance in the practical relevance for professionals like engineering geologists, planners, designers, and civil engineers seeking to navigate the general complexity of geological and geotechnical aspects through the country’s landscape within the limits that the scale used is offering from information.