Kontinuální neinvazivní měření krevního tlaku

Abstract

Monitoring changes in blood pressure are essential to today, most commonly used medical methods. Measurement of blood pressure as a standard procedure, however, can be used only in discrete time intervals. Continuous measurement is only possible with the introduction of invasive sensor to the patient body, which is very uncomfortable for him, and as any invasive procedure associated with certain risks. Often it would be diagnostically useful to monitor changes in blood pressure in a continuous time interval. Such measurements should be the least invasive and restrictive for a patient. The physiology of the cardiovascular system shows that there is a link between electrical and mechanical activity of the heart and blood pressure. This is verified in a search on the topic. This thesis focuses on processing of ECG, PPG signal and pressure to the extent that it is possible to obtain information about the spread of a pulse wave relative to the value of blood pressure. Spread of a pulse wave is understood here as the time interval between the R-wave of ECG and the beginning of the pulse wave. This value is described as a time PTT (Pulse Transit Time). Measuring chain for scanning of all the necessary biosignals was built and measuring software for signal processing of measured data was developed in LabVIEW environment. Measurements were performed on a patient who had extravascular pressure sensor introduced to arteria fomoralis. This patient stayed calm during the whole measurement, so there were no significant pressure changes. For statistical processing of the gained data a case study was used where the data were processed by regression analysis..