Analýza nákupního procesu podniku ve strojírenství

Abstract

This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of the purchasing process in an engineering company, both from a theoretical and a practical perspective. The theoretical part explains the basic concepts related to purchasing, its functions, and objectives within business processes. It further analyzes the purchasing process and its individual phases, including approaches to supplier management. This section also presents selected purchasing models, in particular the Robinson and Faris model, which allows for the classification of purchasing situations and contributes to a better understanding of different types of organizational purchasing behavior.

The practical part is focused on the company KABEPE Kovo s.r.o. First, the company itself is introduced, including its operations, organizational structure, and main purchasing items. The analysis also includes the calculation of basic financial indicators and the preparation of a SWOT analysis, which together provide a comprehensive view of the internal and external environment of the company and form the basis for evaluating purchasing activities.

As part of the analysis, three specific examples of real purchasing processes carried out in the company were selected. Each example corresponds to a different purchasing situation according to the aforementioned Robinson and Faris model: the purchase of production equipment as a new task situation, the purchase of steel as a modified rebuy, and the purchase of bronze as a straight rebuy. In all three cases, the individual steps of the purchasing process were described in detail, from the identification of the need to the evaluation of the supplier.

Based on the analysis, the main weaknesses of the current purchasing process were identified, including a high dependence on a limited number of key suppliers, the absence of a systematic evaluation of their performance, and the lack of a contingency plan for supply disruptions. In response to these findings, specific recommendations were proposed. A key element is the introduction of a scoring model for the objective evaluation and selection of suppliers, which was applied in the thesis to three regular suppliers of the company. The model takes into account five main criteria – price, delivery speed, material quality, communication, and overall reliability.

The thesis demonstrates that even small and medium-sized enterprises can achieve significant improvements, reduce operational risks, and strengthen their competitiveness through targeted optimization of purchasing activities.