Využití limitů akutní toxicity pro analýzu rizik v rámci prevence závažných havárií

Abstract

Acute toxicity limits are an important tool to protect human health by defining the threshold, whose exceeding can endanger health or life of an individuals or a groups. Acute toxicity limits are used as a tool for risk management decision making. The essential problem is the usage of tools for assessment of acute effects, caused by exposure of organism to a toxic substances as a result of industrial accidents, without sufficient knowledge of methods of determination and possibilities of their use. The aim of the dissertation thesis is to assess the current state of usage of the limits of acute toxicity for the needs of analysis and risk assessment, with regard to the requirements of emergency planning in the framework of the Act no. 59/2006 the major accidents prevention caused by dangerous substances, and to propose possible improvements. Assessment of the current state of knowledge is based on a comparison of current approaches to the development of particular limits of acute toxicity with regard to its use in different countries. Identification of possible problems results from the analysis of issues of limits of acute toxicity within the major accidents prevention in the Czech Republic and from assessment of the current state. This have led to the outline of the possible options that have been discussed with the competent authority within the major accidents prevention (Ministry of the Environment). Based on the selection of the appropriate options how to approach the issues of limits of acute toxicity within the prevention of major accidents, a methodology procedure to determine the limits of acute toxicity for risk analysis within the major accidents prevention was created. This methodology was certified with other methodology (methodology of designation of an emergency planning zone), within the thesis was also used.