Využití umělé inteligence v bezpečnosti

Abstract

The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to conduct a study on the potential applications of artificial intelligence in the field of security, with a focus on the security forces of the Czech Republic. The thesis analyzes the current state of deployment of artificial narrow intelligence and large language models within the police of the Czech republic, the fire and rescue service of the Czech Republic, and the army of the Czech republic. It further evaluates the potential of artificial general intelligence and the hypothetical impacts of artificial superintelligence. Through a systematic review of available literature, national and European legislation, and foreign studies, the thesis identifies a significant implementation gap in the Czech Republic compared to the United Kingdom and the United States. The thesis first defines the basic concepts of security and protection, analyzes the theoretical foundations of artificial intelligence, including the classification of its types and the risks associated with its deployment in a security context. It then presents international best practices, particularly the British AI handbook for the police, the impact of AI on future warfare, and the US approach to the use of AI in fire and rescue services. Another important component is a description of research projects conducted by the Faculty of Safety Engineering at the VŠB – TUO, which focus on integrating artificial intelligence into emergency call handling. The main finding of this study is that while the Czech Republic has a solid strategic and legislative framework in the form of the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2030 and the Action Plan 2025, the practical implementation of artificial intelligence in the operational activities of security agencies is still in its infancy. The thesis therefore proposes specific steps that the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Defense should take. Recommendations include creating a Czech security playbook for artificial intelligence, investing in data lakes, establishing independent ethics committees, and launching targeted pilot projects. The thesis emphasizes that any implementation of artificial intelligence must strictly adhere to ethical principles, human oversight, and compliance with the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The thesis aims to contribute to the current discussion on the future development of security technologies and to provide practical, actionable insights for decision-making at the government level.