Nosnost kotevních bodů na pískovcových skalách

Abstract

This bachelor’s thesis addresses the issue of the load capacity of anchor points in sandstone rock, with a focus on their use in rescue operations involving rope techniques. Attention is given to the specific properties of sandstone as a rock and their influence on the behaviour of anchor points under static and dynamic loads. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes the basic types of anchor points used in sandstone rock areas, the principles of their loading, and the requirements placed on anchor points during rescue operations. The practical part of the thesis focuses on the experimental verification of the load capacity of sandstone hourglasses as natural anchor points. Destructive tensile tests were performed on artificially created sandstone hourglasses in sandstone blocks with varying geometric parameters and material strength. The test results indicate a significant influence of the hourglass geometry and sandstone strength on their maximum load capacity and confirm the considerable variability in the load capacity of this type of anchor point. The conclusions of this study highlight the limited applicability of the obtained results to natural sandstone hourglasses in the field and emphasize the necessity of individually assessing natural anchor points during rescue operations. The findings can serve as a supporting basis for decision-making by rescuers and climbers when moving and conducting operations in sandstone rock areas.