Vliv environmentálních regulací na obchod s uhlím v Evropské unii a Číně

Abstract

This bachelor's thesis focuses on the approaches of the European Union and China to environmental protection, particularly on measures affecting coal trade. The aim is to identify changes and trends in coal exports and imports in the EU and China under the influence of environmental regulations during the period 2016–2023, following the entry into force of the Paris Agreement. The thesis analyzes products from HS Chapter 27 with a focus on hard coal (HS 2701) and lignite (HS 2702), using data from the Comtrade database. The main emphasis is placed on the EU’s approach to achieving climate goals through the Emissions Trading System (ETS) and the ecological transformation of the energy sector. The thesis also examines China's dependence on coal and its efforts to modernize the mining industry. The analysis is based on data from the United Nations (Comtrade) and explores the impact of regulations on the foreign trade of fossil fuels in the EU and China. The results highlight the differences between the approaches of the EU and China.