Nemoci z povolání a nemoci související s prací ve světě

Abstract

The subject of this bachelor's thesis is the analysis and comparison of occupational disease recognition systems in selected countries around the world. This thesis focuses on occupational diseases globally, describing the systems in individual countries in the theoretical part. In the practical part, the aim is to compare the administrative and legislative frameworks in these countries and their regions, identifying differences and common features. The aim was to examine how individual countries approach the assessment of occupational diseases and to identify the most frequently recognized diagnoses. Based on a review of scientific literature, 112 relevant sources were selected from databases. The results show that recognition systems differ in terms of occupational disease lists and the type of evaluation system used — centralized in some countries (e.g., Italy, Germany) and decentralized in others (e.g., Canada, Australia). Some countries rely on a fixed list of diseases, while others prefer a more flexible model. The most commonly recognized diagnoses include musculoskeletal, respiratory, and dermatological conditions, as well as certain types of cancers caused by occupational exposure. The thesis highlights the need for harmonization of international criteria and improved cooperation in the areas of prevention, monitoring, and compensation of occupational and work-related diseases.