Projevy hořlavých plynů při neřízené a řízené destrukci tlakových láhví

Abstract

The main aim of this dissertation thesis is determining a methodological procedure to eliminate the physical destruction of the pressure cylinder in the fire condition by shooting through shell of the cylinder. The risk of physical destruction of the pressure cylinder grows up with increasing temperature load. Significant risk gas in the cylinder is acetylene. Given its characteristics, acetylene is dissolved in a porous mass with solvent. At elevated ambient temperature, acetylene releases and decomposition processes occur, which lead to build-up of pressure inside the cylinder. If the destruction pressure is reached, the cylinder is torn in two or more parts, followed by the gas release to environment. Presence of ignition sources could lead to the formation of fireball phenomenon. This phenomenon generally reaches approximately ten meters in diameter and can be accompanied by a blast wave and a spread of fragments of the cylinder or surrounding objects. The consequences of this type of fire could be fatal. Shooting through the cylinder shell may lead to the mitigation, if not eliminate, the effects of uncontrolled destruction mentioned above. As a result of the literature review, this method is commonly used by several states as a standard procedure. Internal gas is released through the resulting hole, the pressure is dropping down, and the gas creates a firejet or simply disperses to surroundings. Depending on the size of the pressure and the amount of gas inside the cylinder, the phenomenon reaches a maximum length of several meters. As a part of the dissertation solution, a study of literature was carried out for basic knowledge of the issues addressed. The work is based on experimental measurements. Knowledge acquired from large-scale tests were analyzed and discussed. These results are behind the development of a methodological procedure for the elimination of the physical destruction of pressure cylinder with acetylene via shooting, which is the main output of this dissertation thesis.