Využití hořícího odvalu Heřmanice jako netradiční suroviny pro keramické a stavební účely.

Abstract

The Upper Silesian Coal Basin is one of the largest bituminous coal basins in Europe. Extensive mining history started over 100 years ago and affected heavily the environmental quality. The waste rock from the mines amounts to 90 million m3 since 1900 and is partly left in the mines as backfill, partly taken to the surface and dumped on the spoil banks as well as used for other purposes, e.g. landfills or for road and railway embankment. There are in the Ostrava city district over 50 spoil banks of all sizes with total area of 600 ha. The barren rocks in the spoil banks consist of conglomerates, sandstones, graywakes, arkoses, siltstones and shale’s excavated from the collieries. The specific feature of Carboniferous barren rocks is high content of coal that under specific circumstances thermally decomposes and negatively influence air quality and represents health risk for inhabitants. Considering continues growing prices of the raw material there is permanent pressure to utilize secondary or scrap material such as slags or mining waste rock. Carboniferous barren rock is present in region in amount and quality that predetermine it for broad application. The thesis brings new ideas to usage barren rock in Ostrava district. The chemical and physical-mechanical property of the spoil is evaluated and new approach in manufacturing presented. The results suggest that barren rock from Heřmanice spoil bank (Slezská Ostrava) can be used as non-plastics in ceramic industry. The work is subdivided to following chapters:  Revision of the existing boreholes and review of the thermal field in the Heřmanice spoil bank.  Field documentation of the endogen fire centers and evaluation of their spreading.  Petrography characterization of the thermally alterated argillaceous sediments based on laboratory analysis evaluating content of the amorphous phase especially mulite, cordierite and cristobalite.  Potential usage and processing thermally alterated materials for ceramic industry.