Rizikové prvky v půdách zasažených záplavami

Abstract

This bachelor thesis addresses the issue of soil contamination by risk elements as a consequence of the floods that affected the Ostrava region in autumn 2024. The aim of the thesis was to assess the extent and nature of contamination in alluvial soils of flooded areas, with a focus on the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. The work combines a theoretical introduction to contaminant transport in the soil environment with a summary of the hydrological and meteorological aspects of the flood event. In the practical part, soil samples were collected from several locations and analyzed for parameters such as moisture content, pH, electrical conductivity, concentration of risk elements using XRF, and organic matter content. The results revealed elevated concentrations of selected risk elements in several sites, particularly in the vicinity of historical ecological burdens. The obtained values were compared to legal limits and European geochemical standards. The thesis contributes to a deeper understanding of the effects of floods on soil chemistry and highlights the need for long-term monitoring in flood-prone areas.