Postavení Číny ve světové ekonomice

Abstract

China, most populous country in the world numbering 1.3 billion people, is characterized by its hybrid type of economy, which holds both elements of market system and the centrally planned economy. Each year it strengthens position of this possible future superpower. Today China is the second largest economy in the world, whose economic growth has exceeded the most advanced countries in the world. However, this economic growth does not guarantee that even China became the second largest economy in the world, standard of living in this country and in developed countries is on the same level. Experts´ opinions on the future China position in the global economy differ. One group argues that by 2050 China will exceed even the current most powerful country in the world - the United States. By contrast, second group points out that the problems that this country has, will not be solved so fast and China will not be able to overcome them and obtain same position as advanced economies.

The main aim of my thesis will be to evaluate the status of China in the global economy, which I will further analyze with the use of economic indicators such as gross domestic product, position in world markets, not least as it stands in terms of competitiveness. In my thesis I will first deal with the global economy, I will describe its creation and individual economic units. The next chapter will deal with China itself, its historical development and current economic situation. The final chapter compares the current global superpower the United States, the EU and China. I focus on basic economic indicators such as gross domestic product, export and import, competitiveness.