Využití umělé inteligence a vysvětlitelné umělé inteligence v biomedicíně: Klinická aplikace a výzvy

Abstract

Biomedicine and artificial intelligence (AI) are key areas of modern research and practice that are transforming diagnostics, treatment, and patient care. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental principles of biomedicine and the role of AI, including an explanation of explainable AI (XAI) in medicine. Technologies such as machine learning and deep learning are discussed, along with their applications in fields such as oncology, cardiology, and others where these groundbreaking technologies are being utilized. The paper focuses on key AI and XAI methods in biomedical research and practice, including case studies illustrating their benefits. Furthermore, this work includes reflections on ethical issues, challenges related to data quality and governance, and an assessment of the advantages and limitations of these technologies.