Zvyšování bezpečnosti provozu na komunikacích optimalizací podmínek vidění

Abstract

The dissertation focuses on the evaluation of light technical parameters in the traffic space in front of the vehicle affecting the early recognition of obstacles by the driver. The main objective is to develop a methodology for the analysis of the visibility of obstacles in the night traffic area. The draft methodology will be used as a basis for updating the methodology for road safety inspection published in 2013. It is an extension of the existing methodology to include methods for assessing visibility in the traffic area at night, dusk and dawn. The design of the methodology was based on the results of measurements of light parameters of model situations in traffic space created in the premises of the traffic polygon in Ostrava. In the traffic polygon, the distribution of light parameters in the roadway and adjacent boarding lanes illuminated by vehicle headlights in dimmed mode, vehicle headlights in driving mode and a combination of vehicle headlights in dimmed mode of public lighting fixtures was evaluated. The evaluation was carried out with vehicle headlamps equipped with halogen, xenon and LED light sources. On the basis of the photometric data obtained from the headlights of the vehicle, thanks to the long-term cooperation of the VŠB-TUO with Hella Autotechnik Nova s.r.o., model situations were further developed with a focus on the risk areas occurring in the area in front of the vehicle. In contrast to the model situations created on the traffic polygon, the modelling in the computer software focused on locating the risk areas in the area in front of the vehicle in terms of the selection of the configuration of luminaires according to the individual lighting classes. Subsequently, for the situation with the lowest illumination class, an assessment of the change in vertical illumination in the traffic space was made, taking into account the movement of the vehicle. Finally, an assessment of the impact of retrofitting and autonomous lighting control on accident rates was carried out. The assessment was carried out based on the information obtained on the upgrades carried out on the public lighting systems, information on traffic accidents from the AVISON web application and data from the national traffic census. The impact on accident rates was assessed by comparing the number of accidents and the number of vehicles passed per accident for the same time period before and after the new system was put into operation.