Využití nízkoteplotního plazmatu pro zneškodnění vybraných druhů plastových odpadů

Abstract

This thesis deals with the evaluation of pyrolysis decomposition of waste scrap tires and plastic bottles in the two pyrolysis retorts - "Pyrotronic” and pyrolysis furnace with a plasma torch exhaust gas. Pyrolysis, thermal decomposition without oxygen, is environmentally acceptable process for reducing the amount of waste materials and chemical (involving a change in chemical structure and the resulting products can be used for any purpose other original material was used) and energy recovery (recovery of waste heat generated). Pyrolysis forms 3 fractions - gas, liquid and solid. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate and compare the resulting pyrolysis products formed by pyrolysis in the above mentioned pyrolysis retorts. From the measured and evaluated data, I found that the procedural requirements set pyrolysis unit "Pyrotronic" are suitable for pyrolysis of scrap tires, but less suitable for the pyrolysis of PET. Compared to composition of gaseous phase from pyrolysis rotors, gaseous phase from plasma torch is more environmental friendly due to high temperature enabling combustion of organic matter from gas.