Odstraňování kovů z vodného prostředí pomocí popela ze spalování biomasy rostlinného původu.

Abstract

Presented PhD thesis deals with the possibility of removing selected metals from water using ash after burning plant origin biomass, for example waste. Ash samples which were used as sorbents to reduce selected metals concentration of selected metals in aquaeous model solutions and real sample of mine water came from heating plants in the Czech republic where a boiler for burning plant biomass is used to provide heat and hot water. The mine water came from Zlaté Hory locality and model water solutions were prepared from salts of the respective metals. The input raw materials were most often wood (white or brown wood chips), bark, sawdust, straw etc. The experiments monitored changes in pH, depending on the ash doses, metal content in model solutions and real samples of mine water after reaction of selected ash batches. Firstly ash samples were screened to the selected grain size (<1mm). Ashes treated in this way were used to remove selected metals, Zn, Cu and Mn from model solutions and mine water. For comparison, the removal of selected metals in model waters using Ca(OH)2 solution was also performed. On the results based, it can be stated that the most suitable adsorbents used to remove zinc from mine water appear to be fluid and bed ash from a thermal power plant, where in the case of fluid ash its efficiency was 99.3% (3 g adsorbent dose) and bed ash was efficiency 98.6% (adsorbent dose 5 g). Cyclone ash is not entirely suitable. Its efficiency was only 44% (adsorbent dose 1.5 g). Virtually all types of ash are suitable for removing copper from a real sample of mine water. The efficiency of fluid ash was 95.5% at a dose of 2.0 g, the efficiency of bed ash was 97.0% at a dose of 5.0 g and the efficiency of cyclone ash was 95.5% at a dose of 1.5 g. In the case of manganese, the types used ashes did not work very well. This is probably the competition between other metals. The efficiency of fluid ash was 52.1% at a dose of 3.0 g, the efficiency of bed ash was 61.0% at a dose of 6.0 g and the efficiency of cyclone ash was 37.7%, i.e. the lowest, at a dose of 3.5 g.