Inovace v monitorování kardiorespiračních funkcí pro vesmírné mise

Abstract

This thesis examines a head-down bed tilt (HDBR) scenario at angles of 5° to 20°, which creates analogue microgravity conditions for studying changes in the cardiorespiratory system. The research involved the measurement of ballistocardiographic (BCG) parameters via a multi-channel pressure sensing system on a group of volunteers consisting of trained individuals, untrained individuals, and pilot specialty students from the Defense University. In addition, electrocardiography (ECG), photoplethysmography (PPG), respiration and blood pressure measurements were also performed. The signals were processed in MATLAB software. The differences between the different degrees of bed tilt, the differences between these groups and the correlation of the measured BCG parameters with the parameters obtained by ECG were analyzed. The results of statistical tests showed some significant changes in cardiorespiratory functions depending on the tilt angle even between groups (p <0.05), indicating adaptation of the organism to the experimental conditions. The strongest correlation between BCG and ECG was observed for heart and respiratory rates. The obtained findings may contribute to a better understanding of physiological changes in astronauts and to the development of more effective methods of preventing the negative effects of microgravity.