Studium výskytu vybraných zněčišťujících látek na aktivních ostravských odvalech

Abstract

Mining activities originated in the city of Ostrava least six heaps of loose material arising as waste from mining and quarrying. In the past it was not possible to sort the tailings perfectly and stayed in it because a large amount of coal substance susceptible to spontaneous combustion. During its thermal activity are the product of many dumps pollutants that contribute to air pollution and damage to human health in surrounding areas. It is therefore very important that these pollutants detected in time. When analyzing the pollutants present on the heap Ema were determined by GC chromatography concentrations of CO2 and CH4 and three sampling points in the three control measurements in the months from January to March 2016. The largest measured CO2 concentration in a heap Ema was 20 722 ppm. The largest concentration of CH4 to dump Ema was 707 ppm. SO2 monitoring at the dump Ema covered the period April 2015 to January 2016. The final concentrations were measured by two volumetric methods: thorin method and indicator methylsulfonazo III according to the different flow rates (1,5 - 3,0 l min-1). The most effective method for determining SO2 was to evaluate the verification methods chosen thorin methods. The measured concentration of SO2 ranged from 7,21 – 31,50 mg m-3, with the highest concentrations were measured in January 2016. The concentration of the sixteen PAHs to PM10 to Heřmanice and Hrabuvka were determined by GC/MS chromatography when sampling PM10 in July 2014. at the Heřmanice was studied twenty-nine sampling points that showed different results. The average concentration of PAHs was Σ16 Heřmanice 56,06 mg kg-1. At the dump Hrabůvka, the average concentration of PAHs Σ16 = 48,40 mg kg-1.