Vliv technologie zpracování čistírenských kalů na obsah perzistentních látek

Abstract

This diploma thesis deals with the influence of various technological treatments of sewage sludge on the content of selected pharmaceutical substances present in this sludge. The theoretical part focuses on the description of wastewater treatment plants and individual parts of these plants. Emphasis is placed on the issues of sewage sludge and its treatment, including the characteristics of harmful substances in sludge and the secondary use of sludge. The theoretical part concludes with a description of the basic sample preparation techniques and methods used for their quantitative analysis. The experimental part of the thesis deals with the development of an extraction method for the determination of pharmaceuticals in sludge and the subsequent monitoring of the pharmaceutical content in treated sewage sludge. The work resulted in the knowledge of the influence of technological treatment on the content of selected persistent pharmaceuticals in sewage sludge and the developed extraction method for its treatment prior to quantitative determination in real sewage sludge samples by high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry. The reduction of the pharmaceuticals content depended on the technology used, characteristics of the substances and their initial concentration. The best results were achieved by co-composting, with an average reduction in pharmaceuticals concentration of up to 85 %. Diclofenac was the most degraded (98 %), irbesartan the least (64 %).