Využití metod kosmické geodézie v geodynamice

Abstract

The Earth system is a highly dynamic complex of geodynamic, geophysical, geological and other phenomena. Investigating the causes of their origin and the consequences of their action are the motivation for many scientific studies. Modelling the movement of the Earth system as accurately as possible requires an interdisciplinary approach. In order to confirm or refute existing scientific theories, it is essential to have a wide variety of data on the Earth and its subcomponents, and by examining their dynamics it is possible to understand the origin of phenomena and phenomena occurring within, on, or above the Earth's surface. The study and observation of these processes is all the more challenging because the nature of geodynamic phenomena in the Earth system is often unpredictable. Many scientific disciplines (seismology, geothermics, geoelectrics, radiometry, gravimetry, magnetometry, geochemistry, etc.) bring their unique approaches to the study of the geodynamics of the Earth system. The variety of data in terms of their collection and subsequent interpretation allows, when implemented together, to bring a more comprehensive view of the movement of the Earth system from different perspectives. The advances in geodesy that are continuously occurring make it possible to apply the science of investigating the Earth's shape and size to the observation of its geodynamics as well. Space geodesy and remote sensing methods allow the desired phenomenon to be observed with high precision and at different scales, where the phenomenon under observation may be global or local in nature. The undeniable advantage of space geodesy or remote sensing data is the principle of their collection - high accuracy without direct interaction of the scientist with the site. The high accuracy of the output data, which are the products of individual space geodesy methods, makes it possible to monitor changes in the movement of the Earth system. Since the subcomponents of the Earth system interact with each other, a small change in one subcomponent has a significant influence and impact on another subcomponent of the Earth system. By tracking changes in the position of unique points on the Earth's surface using space geodesy methods, it is possible to indirectly track the movement of the Earth system and describe changes, anomalies and their evolution over time. The aim of the research task is to describe and demonstrate the use of space geodesy methods in monitoring the geodynamics of the Earth. By implementing space geodesy data into deformation analyses, the aim is to demonstrate the geodynamic contribution of space geodesy in studying and monitoring the geodynamics of the Earth system.