Analýza vývoje a struktury českého vývozu

Abstract

The bachelor's thesis is focused on the analysis of the development and structure of Czech exports in the period 2000–2024. The main objective of the thesis is the identification of the main trends and structural changes that characterize the development of Czech exports in the observed period. Attention is also paid to the assessment of the vulnerability of Czech exports through the examination of their concentration on a narrow range of product groups and export destinations. The thesis includes the theoretical definition of international and foreign trade and the economic characteristics of the Czech Republic, which is followed by an analysis based on secondary data obtained from an international statistical database. Within the analysis, quantitative methods and selected indicators are used, focused on the evaluation of export dynamics, its commodity, technological and geographical structure, including the assessment of the degree of concentration and specialization. During the observed period, an increase in the absolute value of Czech exports and their share in GDP was recorded, which indicates an increasing level of economic openness and a growing importance of foreign trade. Within the commodity structure, a dominant position of industrial products, especially machinery and transport equipment, was identified, while a positive trend is the increasing share of more technologically demanding production. In the geographical structure, a strong orientation towards European markets was confirmed, which brings the advantages of stable trade relations, but at the same time increases the dependence of Czech exports on economic developments in Europe. The main output of the thesis is processed in the form of clear infographics, which represent a visual analytical basis including all key characteristics and trends of Czech exports in the years 2000 and 2024.