Energetické problémy bioplynových elektráren

Abstract

This doctoral thesis deals with the issue of biogas stations (BGS). The theoretical part focuses to renewable energy sources. Especially, with their characteristics of supplies to power grid. Furthermore there is analyze the biogas. Since the composition through the description of its formation reactions, factors that influence the process, up to division the microorganisms which produce it. The following section discusses the technology of wet fermentation, which is the most widely used in practice and also the issue of cogeneration with internal combustion piston cogeneration units. The following chapter deals with the legislative support BGS and its evolution over the years. In the following section are discussed possibilities of using waste heat from biogas station, including its characteristic characteristics as locations BPS, quantity and quality of thermal energy, depending on the season. For each method are reviewed its greatest advantages and disadvantages. The final and largest section is devoted to model the energy balance of biogas plants. This model was created in Microsoft Excel. Model based on the assignment amounts and kinds of biomass feedstocks calculated the theoretical power of BGS. Subsequently, based on specified parameters of fermenters, cogeneration units and locations are calculated heat loss and energy flows. According to the calculated energy values are offered the possibility of using the waste heat. Subsequently all the important parameters converted into graphic form in the form of charts.