Monitorování ekotoxicity nanočástic na bázi uhlíku

Abstract

Research and development of new nanomaterials is one of the major science disciplines of the 21st century, primarily because of its unique properties which can be used, for instance, as an improvement in industrial technologies or among new biomedical applications. It is therefore necessary to examine their properties, especially their toxicity. The dissertation deals with the synthetic nanomaterials of the graphene family: graphene oxide, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, fullerene, fluorine graphite, single and multi-wallet carbon nanotubes (SWCNT, MWCNT), ecological carbon (biochar) and their various hybrid modifications with a focus to monitor their ecotoxicity. The introductory part deals with the clarification and history of nanotechnologies, their general characteristics, principles and introduction to toxicology. The presentation of graphene family members is also included, so are their characteristics according to the available measuring techniques (SEM, FT-IR, thermal stability of products, etc.) and their potential applications. The dissertation thesis mentions the limitations that were created during its processing. The experimental part deals with the preparation and characterization of the relevant carbon-based nanomaterials according to available techniques and demonstration of their application potentials. Though major part of the thesis is testing of phytotoxicity of hybrid modifications of the graphene family with tests being carried out on several species of seeds and under different conditions. The work focuses on the developing of our products to their applications which are presented by experiments with examples of applications. At the end of the thesis, there is also a discussion about the evaluation of the performed tests and the conclusions drawn from them in relation to the assessment of occupational health and safety at work.