Vliv socioekonomických faktorů a náboženství na altruistické ekonomické preference z perspektivy behaviorální ekonomie

Abstract

The main purpose of the diploma thesis is to describe and explore the importance of the influence of socioeconomic factors and religion on the creation of altruistic economic preferences from the perspective of behavioral economics and economics psychology. The thesis focusses on the complexity of decision-making mechanism which takes place in a certain environment and in relation to other entities. The universal concept of homo economicus cannot be considered as sufficient to clarify the origin of stimuli and motives of prosocial behavior. Theoretical and empirical findings within economic psychology and behavioral economics show how the environment and psychological characteristics of induvial influence their prosocial behavior. The practical part focuses on the impacts of selected behavioral effects (anchoring effect, peer effect) and other socioeconomic factors on the willingness to contribute to the beggar on the street, the amount of contribution to the beggar, willingness to contribute higher amount of money to a small child, the amount of contribution to the child and participation in voluntary events. The results show that in the case of behavioral stimuli a lower than expected effect was identified. The cause may be insufficient strength of behavioral stimuli or their weak influence in the case of selected forms of questioning. From chosen socio-economic characteristics, it was found that the intensity of religion and fait are socio-economic factors that statistically significantly influence the examined variable. The effects of the other socio-economic characteristics were not statistically significant, except of the factors as regular income, gender and age. The statistical significance of the action of discussed factors simultaneously runs across all examined variables but only in some cases.