Second order low-pass and high-pass filter designs using method of synthetic immitance elements

Abstract

The paper briefly describes the basics of frequency filter design method using synthetic immittance elements with current conveyors. An introduction of the paper explains the advantages and also disadvantages of using this method. Other chapters briefly introduce a design process of simple second order low-pass and high-pass filter. A theory of current conveyors is discussed too, because they are the basic building blocs of proposed synthetic element and also active frequency filters. Finally, the particular solutions of low-pass and high-pass filters are given and verified by OrCAD PSpice simulations.