Tvorba 3D modelů měst a výpočty šíření znečištění v zástavbě

Abstract

This work focuses on the innovations in 21st century civil engineering. Innovative and modern directions, especially information modelling of buildings and its subsequent extension to information modelling of cities, which can be considered the main topics of construction development, should be not only part of Industry 4.0 and Construction 4.0, but also a common part of construction practice. The work connects individual innovative areas with a comprehensive view of the entire life cycle of buildings and in context and with regard to the entire built-up area. It offers new knowledge for city management, facility management and other fields of construction. Information modelling of buildings and cities creates a suitable basis for the creation of various simulations and analyzes. Simulations can be applied to acoustic, thermal, environmental influences, sun exposure or pollution propagation. Simulations and the results obtained from them can help us in the decision-making phase, they predict problems or situations that may arise during the life cycle of cities and buildings, and thus allow us to prevent their occurrence. Based on the information obtained, we can objectively decide on the design solution, material, internal layout or, for example, the location of the building in the surrounding buildings and thus save unnecessary costs that could occur with possible problems of poor design. The work deals in more detail with a 3D digital information model of the city and the analysis of relevant data on weather conditions, long-term measured local indicators of pollution, terrain and relief of buildings. Above these data, the work creates calculations and simulations of the spread of pollution through buildings.