Hodnocení fytotoxicity termicky aktivních odvalů na území města Ostravy

Abstract

This doctoral dissertation deals with the issue of thermally active spoil heaps in the territory of the city of Ostrava, specifically the Ema spoil heap (EMA), the Hedvika spoil heap (HED), and the Heřmanice spoil heap (HEŘ), their description in relation to environmental hazards, as well as ecotoxicological testing of mining wastes deposited there. Within the framework of this doctoral dissertation, samples of technogenic substrates from thermally active spoil heaps were collected and subsequently characterized using XRF analysis. Aqueous leachates were then prepared from the technogenic substrates of the thermally active spoil heaps and subjected to ecotoxicological tests on selected plants: a semichronic toxicity test on common oat (Avena sativa L.), white mustard (Sinapis alba L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), and garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). The samples of technogenic substrates from the spoil heaps were also subjected to contact toxicity tests in combination with arable soil on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), a test of lethal embryonic mutations on thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana L.), and chlorophyll measurement in pea (Pisum sativum L.). The results of the tests showed that areas where thermal activity occurs negatively affect plant germination and growth, with common oat proving to be the most sensitive test plant within the semichronic toxicity tests.