Vliv migračních toků na vybrané země Evropské unie

Abstract

This bachelor's thesis examines the impact of migration flows on selected countries of the European Union. Migration is a complex phenomenon that affects not only individuals but also the functioning of states and the global community. The aim is to identify selected social, economic, and security impacts of migration in Sweden, Italy, and Poland based on an analysis of migration flows. The thesis first outlines the theoretical foundations of migration, including its historical development and key migration theories. Attention is then given to the European Union’s asylum and migration policy, as well as the main migration routes leading to the EU. The final part analyzes the social, economic, and security impacts of migration through descriptive and comparative analysis. In recent years, migration in Europe has been influenced by factors such as armed conflicts, economic inequalities, and geopolitical changes, leading to stricter migration policies and increased protection of external borders. It was found that migrants have a significant impact on the economies of host countries, while their integration faces numerous challenges with social and economic consequences, and in some cases, security risks. Successfully managing migration flows requires a comprehensive and coordinated policy that focuses on the effective integration of migrants while also protecting against illegal migration. Such a policy is essential for ensuring stability, security, and long-term development in these countries and contributes to sustainable and harmonious migration within the European Union.