Publikační činnost Centra excelence pro bezpečnostní výzkum / Publications of Centre of Excellence for Safety Research (025)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/158673

Kolekce obsahuje bibliografické záznamy publikační činnosti (článků) akademických pracovníků Centra excelence pro bezpečnostní výzkum (025) v časopisech registrovaných ve Web of Science počínaje rokem 2025.
Do kolekce jsou zařazeny:
a) publikace, u nichž je v originálních dokumentech jako působiště autora (adresa) uvedena Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava (VŠB-TUO),
b) publikace, u nichž v originálních dokumentech není v adrese VŠB-TUO uvedena, ale autoři prokazatelně v době jejich zpracování a uveřejnění působili na VŠB-TUO.

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Now showing 1 - 4 out of 4 results

Propane-syngas premixed flames in a heat-flux burner: Effect of H2/CO enrichment on laminar burning velocity, temperature profiles, and mechanism sensitivity
(Elsevier, 2026) Bouhentala, Bigeud; Krause, Hartmut; Eckart, Sven
Blending syngas with propane offers a versatile approach to tune combustion behavior, merging the high reactivity and clean burning properties of syngas with the stability and energy density of propane enabling flexible syngas adoption in the current combustion systems. Premixed propane-syngas flames were investigated at 298 K and 1 bar over an equivalence-ratio range of phi = 0.6-1.5 to quantify the Laminar Burning Velocity (LBV) and flame temperature. The LBV was measured using a heat-flux burner (quasi-adiabatic, planar flame), and temperature profiles at Heights Above the Burner (HAB) of 1-20 mm were recorded using a type-S thermocouple and corrected for radiative losses via a steady-state convection-radiation balance (epsilon = 0.205-0.235). Equimolar and non-equimolar H2/CO syngas blends, with syngas fractions up to 80% of the fuel, were examined. Numerical predictions were obtained using a one-dimensional freely propagating flame model with the USC II, San Diego, Aramco 2.0, C3MechLite, and NUIG 1.1 kinetic mechanisms; the San Diego mechanism best reproduces lean LBV, whereas USC II performs better under rich conditions. Increasing syngas content increases LBV at all phi and shifts the LBV peak from phi = 1.0 to phi =1.1 at high syngas fractions; at phi =1.5, LBV increases by 145% as the syngas fraction rises from 20% to 80%. The peak flame temperature (Tpeak) increases by 2.9% at phi = 0.8 and by 12.5% at phi = 1.4 for 80% equimolar syngas, with H2-rich syngas yielding higher values than CO-rich blends. Sensitivity and radical-profile analyses indicate that H-atom branching (H + O2 = O + OH) and OHassisted CO oxidation promote LBV, whereas HO2 formation and H-recombination pathways limit the gains, consistent with the observed mechanism-to-mechanism differences under rich conditions. Syngas addition also moves the flame front closer to the burner (HAB approximate to 1 mm versus 2 mm for propane), consistent with improved rich-side stabilization. Overall, the dataset provides a combined experimental-numerical benchmark of LBV and temperature profiles for propane flames enriched with syngas (H2/CO), including both equimolar and nonequimolar blends up to 80% of the fuel for model validation and syngas-utilization studies.
Hot flame detection in a completely automated autoignition temperature measurement apparatus
(Elsevier, 2026) Kuna, Petr; Janovský, Břetislav; Spitzer, Stefan H; Zakel, Sabine
The auto-ignition temperature (AIT) is essential for assessing the hazard of flammable liquids in relation to hot surfaces. An international ISO/IEC standard describes the method and protocol of AIT measurement as well as ignition detection by the eye. It also allows automatic flame detection if the same results are obtained during apparatus verification. As the intensity, temperature and color of the flame phenomenon can depend on the substance class and quantity, the question arises as to how reliably ignitions can be detected when additional sensor parameters affect the detection signal. This particularly applies to substances that tend to produce cold flames. The standard does not give detailed guidelines on sensor types and the given flame detection parameters seem questionable. Nevertheless, there are AIT test rigs available, which use semi-automated flame detection, but the criteria are set by the manufacturers. This study focuses on developing a largely automated apparatus for AIT measurements. This includes temperature control, dosing of the liquid and cleaning of the flask. Specific emphasis lays on hot flame detection during an ignition test in the first step. Future work will be related to cool flames. This paper aims to specify the sensors used, their positioning, and the flame detection parameters to enable nearly unsupervised operation of the apparatus. New recommendations for hot flame detection are provided. Both VIS/NIR and UV photodiodes are used successfully for hot flame detection. Thermocouple measurements based on the rate of temperature rise were found to be reliable, when Delta T/Delta t > 80 degrees C/s.
Energy and environmental trade-offs in anaerobic digestion: Batch tests and LCA investigations of giant hogweed, canola straw, and manure
(Elsevier, 2026) Nwanegbo, Emmanuel; Mollashahi, Samaneh; Ferchau, Erik; Eckart, Sven; Krause, Hartmut
This study investigated the energy and environment trade-offs of anaerobic digestion (AD) using invasive giant hogweed, agricultural residue canola straw, and cow manure by combining mesophilic batch tests with a gate-togate life cycle assessment (LCA). Seven scenarios, comprising both mono-digestion and co-digestions were evaluated. Mono-digestion of Giant Hogweed achieved the highest specific biogas yield (671 LN/kg VS) and methane content (74.7%), with no detectable hydrogen sulphide (H2S), while co-digestion introduced mixdependent trade-offs between gas yield and emissions. The LCA identified the combined emissions from manure and digestate storage as the primary hotspot for Global Warming Potential (GWP), contributing 53-67% of total emissions. Crop-based mono-digestion scenarios exhibited higher GWP per tonne but lower emissions per kWh due to superior energy recovery; the same pattern held for abiotic depletion (fossil and elements). Sensitivity analysis showed that a 50% cut in storage emissions reduced GWP by 27-34% across all scenarios. Scenarios with higher net electricity output achieved lower impact intensities per kWh. The study concludes that optimizing feedstock ratios and implementing advanced storage practices is critical for maximizing both energy recovery and environmental performance of AD systems.
Exploring systems thinking and system dynamics in fire safety engineering: A literature review
(Springer Nature, 2026) Santana, Julio Ariel Duenas; Van Coile, Ruben; Di Benedetto, Almerinda; Salzano, Ernesto
The increasing complexity in the Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) field requires the adoption of risk assessment and safety management methods which address such complex behavior. In this context, complexity refers to systems of multiple interacting components where non-linear and adaptive relationships generate emergent behaviors, i.e., outcomes that cannot be anticipated solely by examining the individual parts. Systems Thinking (ST), including tools such as System Archetypes, Causal Loop Diagrams, and System Dynamics (SD) modeling, offers a holistic framework to address these challenges. This article presents a literature review on the application of ST and SD in FSE, focusing on its use in enhancing fire safety for buildings and infrastructures by identifying key trends, methodologies, challenges, and future research directions. A six-stage framework is adopted for the literature review which examines the development of ST in FSE. In total 35 studies were found as relevant for the FSE field due to their application of at least one ST tool. However, challenges such as the complexity of modeling large-scale systems, the need for high-quality data, and the integration of SD with other fire safety engineering methods remain. Overall, this review underscores the value of ST as a powerful tool for addressing the complexities of FSE, testing the effectiveness of different safety measures, and improving risk assessment in various environments, while highlighting that its potential usage has not been fully developed yet.

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