Publikační činnost Institutu dopravy / Publications of Institute of Transport (342)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/64760

Kolekce obsahuje bibliografické záznamy publikační činnosti (článků) akademických pracovníků Institutu dopravy (342) v časopisech registrovaných ve Web of Science od roku 2003 po současnost.
Do kolekce jsou zařazeny:
a) publikace, u nichž je v originálních dokumentech jako působiště autora (adresa) uvedena Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava (VŠB-TUO),
b) publikace, u nichž v originálních dokumentech není v adrese VŠB-TUO uvedena, ale autoři prokazatelně v době jejich zpracování a uveřejnění působili na VŠB-TUO.

Bibliografické záznamy byly původně vytvořeny v kolekci Publikační činnost akademických pracovníků VŠB-TUO, která sleduje publikování akademických pracovníků od roku 1990.

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 88 results

Modeling the impact of intersection design configurations on traffic flow during peak hour in smart cities: A case study on urban roads in Slovakia
(IEEE, 2024) Bindzár, Peter; Marasová, Daniela; Brodny, Jarosław; Tutak, Magdalena; Ulewicz, Robert; Slíva, Aleš
The aim of this article is to gain valuable insights into the performance and effectiveness of intersection design configurations and their impact on traffic flow during peak hour in urban road networks. The study focuses on a case study in the second largest city of the country, and considers three different scenarios: 1) replacing some of the signalized intersection with a roundabout; 2) replacing all signalized intersections with roundabouts; and 3) optimizing the signal plans of existing signalized intersections. The study uses mesoscopic simulation and measures traffic flow efficiency, including delays and queues, to analyze and compare the performance of each scenario. The research methodology involves conducting a comparative analysis of different scenarios, as well as data collection, traffic surveys, and the creation of simulation models using the PTV Vissim software. The results indicate that the most effective solution is to modify signal plans while preserving the traditional signalized intersections. The research also provides insights into the advantages and disadvantages of different intersection designs, which can aid decision-makers in selecting and implementing the most appropriate solution to accommodate evolving traffic demands in urban areas.
Evaluating attractiveness of newly introduced flights - Results of a study for the Ostrava International Airport
(Sciendo, 2024) Olivková, Ivana; Kontriková, Lenka; Hořínka, Jiří; Teichmann, Dušan
The paper addresses the issue of evaluating the attractiveness of new airport connections, one of which is a global transfer hub and the other is a regional European international airport. The attractiveness of new connections expressed, for example, by predicting the demand for new flight routes has long been studied, mainly using gravity models. The aim of the presented paper is to check whether an approach based on gravity models could be replaced with other approaches, in this case by multi-criteria evaluation methods. Questions of substitution of approaches based on gravity models, compiled for demand prediction, are relevant in cases where there are not enough input data for existing gravity models. The absence of input data occurs especially in cases where either there is no historical data on the operation of flights, or historical data do not have current significance, e.g. the operation of the flight has been interrupted for a longer time. The results of a study carried out for Ostrava International Airport located in the Czech Republic, show that gravity models for which relevant data are not available can be fully replaced by multi-criteria evaluation methods.
Optimization model of staffing for aircraft ground handling in the case of personnel substitutability
(Growing Science, 2024) Cíleček, Jakub; Teichmann, Dušan; Szabo, Stanislav
The presented article deals with the mathematical modeling of aircraft ground handling on the service apron to utilize ground personnel more efficiently in the case of existing substitutability of workers. This article proposes a supporting decision -making tool for effective planning of the aircraft ground handling. This tool will be used for a selected type of aircraft and using the minimum number of personnel participating in the aircraft ground handling procedure. The optimization is based on the original mathematical programming model and its solution. Computational experiments verifying the functionality of the proposed model were performed on current data from the Ostrava International Regional Airport in the Czech Republic. The originality of the proposed approach (apart from the original model) comes with introducing the substitutability of workers of individual qualifications and the decomposition of workgroups composed of workers of the same qualification down to the level of individual workers. Above -mentioned decomposition of workgroups enables the flexible and separate transfer of individual workers included in the same groups between activities in the event of downtime of the given group and the existence of an activity that is not covered by the required number of workers. The substitutability of workers and the decomposition of individual groups down to the level of individual workers will make it possible to lower the number of workers or verify that the number of workers is optimal and eliminate potential staff downtime.
Utilizing dynamic analysis in the complex design of an unconventional three-wheeled vehicle with enhancing cornering safety
(MDPI, 2023) Blatnický, Miroslav; Dižo, Ján; Sága, Milan; Molnár, Denis; Slíva, Aleš
Current trends in the transportation industry prioritize competitive rivalry, compelling manufacturers to prioritize concepts such as quality and reliability. These concepts are closely associated with public expectations of safety, vehicle lifespan, and trouble-free operation. However, the public must recognize that a vehicle weighing several hundred kilograms, moving at a non-zero speed, only contacts the road surface through a few points (depending on the number of wheels), each no larger than a human palm. Therefore, it is imperative to operate the vehicle in a manner that optimizes the behavior of these contact points. There are situations where drivers find themselves requiring dynamic vehicle handling, often unpredictable with a high degree of uncertainty. Rapid changes in direction become necessary in these cases. Such maneuvers can pose a significant risk of rollover for three-wheeled vehicles. Hence, the vehicle itself should contribute to increased ride safety. This paper presents key findings from the development of an unconventional three-wheeled vehicle utilizing the delta arrangement. Rollover safety for three-wheeled vehicles is currently well managed, thanks to the utilization of electronic or mechatronic systems in delta-type vehicles to enhance stability. However, these systems require additional components. In contrast, the proposed control system operates solely on a mechanical principle, eliminating operational costs, energy consumption, maintenance expenses, and similar factors. The study also explores the absence of equivalent suspension and steering systems for front-wheel steering. Such designs are lacking in both practical applications and theoretical realms. Analytical and simulation calculations are compared in this study, highlighting the effectiveness of the newly proposed control system in enhancing stability and safety compared to conventional front-wheel suspension systems. Simulation programs provide more realistic results than analytical calculations due to their ability to account for dynamic effects on vehicle components and passengers, which is practically unfeasible in analytical approaches. Furthermore, this study focuses on investigating the fatigue life of material frames subjected to dynamic loading, which is a crucial aspect of ensuring safety. It is essential to have various testing devices to examine the fatigue life of materials under both uniaxial and multiaxial loading conditions. However, obtaining experimental results for fatigue life measurements of specific materials, which can be directly applied to one’s research, poses significant challenges. Hence, the proposed testing device plays a vital role in measuring material fatigue life and advancing the development of unconventional transportation methods. The information about the original testing device aligns perfectly with the article’s emphasis on dynamic analysis. The ultimate objective of all these efforts is to put the vehicle into practical operation for commercial utilization.
Topology optimization of the clutch lever manufactured by additive manufacturing
(MDPI, 2023) Mikulíková, Aleksandra; Měsíček, Jakub; Karger, Jan; Hajnyš, Jiří; Ma, Quoc-Phu; Slíva, Aleš; Šmiraus, Jakub; Srníček, Dávid; Cienciala, Samuel; Pagáč, Marek
This article aims to review a redesign approach of a student racing car’s clutch lever component, which was topologically optimized and manufactured by Additive Manufacturing (AM). Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis was conducted before and after a Topology Optimization (TO) process in order to achieve equivalent stiffness and the desired safety factor for the optimized part. The redesigned clutch lever was manufactured by using AM–Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and printed from powdered aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg. The final evaluation of the study deals with the experimental test and comparison of the redesigned clutch lever with the existing part which was used in the previous racing car. Using TO as a main redesign tool and AM brought significant changes to the optimized part, especially the following: reduced mass of the component (10%), increased stiffness, kept safety factor above the 3.0 value and ensured the more aesthetic design and a good surface quality. Moreover, using TO and AM gave the opportunity to consolidate multi-part assembly into a single component manufactured by one manufacturing process that reduced the production time. The experimental results justified the simulation results and proved that even though the applied load was almost 1.5× higher than the assumed one, the maximum von Mises stress on the component was still below the yield limit of 220 MPa.
Optimization of workers quantity using mathematical model
(MM Science, 2023) Krump, Štěpán; Graf, Vojtěch; Staněk, Pavel
Production and maintenance processes are inherent in the life cycle of every product. Despite great efforts to automate these processes, a great deal of human resources are still required, which represent a significant part of the financial costs. Each process is composed of sub-tasks that require certain specifics in terms of the number of staff, their expertise, qualifications and experience. It is assumed that the staff are divided according to specifics into different groups with differing wages. Workers' wages are reflected in the final financial cost of the product, its life cycle and its return. Reducing labour costs in a production or maintenance process can be achieved by reducing the total number of staff deployed in the process and by appropriately composing groups of workers. Reducing labour costs leads to increased competitiveness in the market. The main tools of competitiveness are price, speed and range of services offered. This paper examines a strategy that uses price as the main tool for competitiveness in the market. One way to reduce the final price of the product for the customer is to optimise the costs of human resources. This can be achieved through appropriate planning of staff shifts. The specifics of the deployment of staff in a production or maintenance process depend on the requirements of the process sub-tasks. This means that each group of workers can only handle a certain group of tasks according to their qualifications. A Binary Programming Problem with Linear Bonds will be used to plan the deployment of staff, aiming to minimize the number of workers needed in a production or maintenance process within a predefined timeframe.
Engine intake airbox CFD optimisation and experimental validation tests
(MM Science, 2023) Mücková, Petra; Kalabza, Ondřej; Famfulík, Jan; Šmiraus, Jakub; Široký, Jaromír; Míková, Jana
The effective power of an internal combustion engine is determined by the amount of air that is drawn into the cylinder. One of the basic requirements for the intake is the even filling of all cylinders. This paper deals with the design of an airbox 4- cylinder 2.2 liter naturally aspirated SI engine. The CFD simulation of the air flow through the serial airbox was performed. This showed an uneven filling of the cylinders. With the help of CFD simulations, the shape of the airbox was optimized to improve the uniformity of the cylinders filling. The validation tests of the real airboxes on the flow bench were performed. The standard airbox and the airbox with the optimized shape were compared. The results confirmed the CFD simulations outputs. Furthermore, it has been shown that the air filter chamber can contribute to the uniform filling of the cylinders. The research resulted in the optimization of the engine's intake tract airbox shape.
Study of mass motion on vibrating device: Design and process simulation.
(MM Science, 2023) Slíva, Aleš; Skácel, Kamil; Simha Martynková, Gražyna; Brázda, Robert; Brožová, Silvie; Cienciala, Samuel
The simulation of mass motion using a vibrating device that was laboratory designed was the main idea of the work. The construction of an experimental vibrating device and the associated measuring station along with the measurement of dynamic properties of the vibrating device depending on preselected input parameters of the device of bulk material on this experimental model is presented. The simulation of the general behavior of particles on an experimental vibrating device at rotational frequencies of 20 Hz, 25 Hz and 35 Hz, and the rotation of contact vibrators at 30°, 45° and 75° by mass flow modeling using software ROCKY DEM is done. It was observed that the particles were moving at the fastest speed at 45° and at 35 Hz and that the top layers fall to the bottom especially at higher rotational frequencies, which may ultimately cause aeration of the particulate matter, thus reducing the angle of internal friction of the bulk material.
Phase transformation after heat treatment of Cr-Ni stainless steel powder for 3D printing
(MDPI, 2022) Čech Barabaszová, Karla; Slíva, Aleš; Kratošová, Gabriela; Holešová, Sylva; Volodarskaja, Anastasia; Cetinkaya, Tugrul; Brožová, Silvie; Kozubek, Libor; Simha Martynková, Gražyna
Today, Ni-Cr steel is used for advanced applications in the high-temperature and electrical industries, medical equipment, food industry, agriculture and is applied in food and beverage packaging and kitchenware, automotive or mesh. A study of input steel powder from various stages of the recycling process intended for 3D printing was conducted. In addition to the precise evaluation of the morphology, particle size and composition of the powders used for laser 3D printing, special testing and evaluation of the heat-treated powders were carried out. Heat treatment up to 950 degrees C in an air atmosphere revealed the properties of powders that can appear during laser sintering. The powders in the oxidizing atmosphere change the phase composition and the original FeNiCr stainless steel changes to a two-phase system of Fe3Ni and Cr2O3, as evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Observation of the morphology showed the separation of the oxidic phase in the sense of a brittle shell. The inner part of the powder particle is a porous compact core. The particle size is generally reduced due to the peeling of the oxide shell. This effect can be critical to 3D printing processing, causing defects on the printed parts, as well as reducing the usability of the precursor powder and can also change the properties of the printed part.
Applied forces in the handling unit fixation mechanism
(Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku. Strojarski fakultet; Elektrotehnički fakultet; Građevinski fakultet., 2022) Hrabovský, Leopold; Mlčák, Tomáš; Žáček, Václav
The paper presents a construction design of a testing device, which was built for the purpose of checking the functional properties of the movement fixation mechanism of handling units, which is used for locking pallets with cars in place in some parking houses, developed by the enterprise KOMA Industry s.r.o. The testing device uses two positioning tables, whose moving parts are attached perpendicular to each other in the frame of the testing device. A pallet lock is attached to the sliding part of the vertical positioning table, which consists of three basic parts: body, pulley holder and compression coil spring. A plate is attached to the sliding part of the horizontal positioning device which is adapted to receive the stop of the fixation mechanism. This paper presents values of the measured vertical forces acting on the force transducer, which were generated by the reshaped coil spring with a wire of circular cross-section during the rolling of the pallet lock roller over the sloped surface of the stop. It presented an experimental procedure and the results of the measured vertical forces exerted by a reshaped coil spring with a wire of circular cross-section on the force sensor during the insertion of the pulley roller into the gap between the two end faces of the stop assembly. The experimental procedure and the results of the measured vertical forces exerted by the reshaped coil spring with a wire of circular cross-section on the force sensor during sliding of the lock pulley roller out of the gap in the stop are given in one of the chapters. The conducted experimental measurements of the functional properties of the fixation lock of the pallet and the acquired values of acting vertical forces will serve to optimize the attaching of pallet fixation locks to the steel girders of the structure of the cell rack parking space of the automatic parking house, over which the chain conveyer transports pallets with vehicles into specified parking positions.
Influence of engine electronic management fault simulation on vehicle operation
(MDPI, 2022) Šarkan, Branislav; Loman, Michal; Synák, František; Richtář, Michal; Gidlewski, Mirosław
The preparation of the fuel mixture of a conventional internal combustion engine is currently controlled exclusively electronically. In order for the electrical management of an internal combustion engine to function properly, it is necessary that all its electronic components work flawlessly and fulfill their role. Failure of these electronic components can cause incorrect fuel mixture preparation and also affect driving safety. Due to the effect of individual failures, it has a negative impact on road safety and also negatively affects other participants. The task of the research is to investigate the effect of the failure of electronic engine components on the selected operating characteristics of a vehicle. The purpose of this article is to specify the extent to which a failure of an electronic engine component may affect the operation of a road vehicle. Eight failures of electronic systems (sensors and actuators) were simulated on a specific vehicle, with a petrol internal combustion engine. Measurements were performed in laboratory conditions, the purpose of which was to quantify the change in the operating characteristics of the vehicle between the faulty and fault-free state. The vehicle performance parameters and the production of selected exhaust emission components were determined for selected vehicle operating characteristics. The results show that in the normal operation of vehicles, there are situations where a failure in the electronic system of the engine has a significant impact on its operating characteristics and, at the same time, some of these failures are not identifiable by the vehicle operator. The findings of the publication can be used in the drafting of legislation, in the field of production and operation of road vehicles, and also in the mathematical modeling of the production of gaseous emissions by road transport.
Detection of mechanical stress in the steel structure of a bridge crane
(Elsevier, 2021) Hrabovský, Leopold; Čepica, Daniel; Frydrýšek, Karel
A significant negative aspect in the operation of bridge-type cranes are the technical problems associated with wear of the wheels and the crane track, which causes crane skewing. The main causes of crane skewing include unevenness of the crane track, unequal loading of the traction drives depending on the position of the crane trolley, slips and different sizes of travel wheels and combinations of these causes. Firstly, this paper presents a design solution that can be used to detect the magnitude of mechanical stress and deformation of the steel structure of the crane, caused by the effects of skewing. The mechanical stress generated by the transverse forces of the deformed geometric shape of the crane bridge structure is recorded by mechanical stress detectors installed in the inner corners of the crane bridge. The resulting electrical signal from element mechanical voltage detectors, loaded by axial forces, can be used for feedback control of separate crane travel drives controlled by frequency converters. Secondly, this paper presents the calculation of the lateral transverse forces according to CSN 27 0103 and the determination of the values of mechanical stresses of the deformed steel structure of the crane bridge of a two-girder bridge crane using the finite element method in the program MSC.MARC 2019. Finally, this paper presents the structural and strength design of mechanical stress detectors and the conclusions of laboratory tests of axial force loading of mechanical stress detectors on the test equipment. At the same time, it presents records of the measured axial forces acting in the mechanical stress detectors, arising from the deformation and warping of the crane bridge by the known magnitude of the axial force acting on the crossbeam and from the deformation of the crane bridge caused by the crane operating modes.
Transport performance of a steeply situated belt conveyor
(MDPI, 2021) Hrabovský, Leopold; Fries, Jiří
The paper presents a methodology for determining the volume of a batch of conveyed material located before a transverse partition of a certain height and the distance over which the batch of material extends on the working surface of the conveyor belt along its longitudinal axis. Knowing the geometric dimensions of the transported batch of material makes it possible to appropriately set the spacing of the belt cleats and thereby to optimally determine the conveying performance of the inclined belt conveyor. When the angle of inclination of a conveyor with a straight idler frame is equal to the angle of surcharge of the conveyed material, then no layer of material is carried on the surface of the belt. If the conveyor belt is guided along a trough idler frame, only the lower cross-section of the filling of material is used. An increase in the cross-section of the belt load of a conveyor inclined at an angle, which exceeds the angle of repose of the conveyed material, can be achieved by installing regularly spaced belt cleats around the circumference of the working surface of the endless loop of the conveyor belt. The volume of the batch of material retained by the belt cleat depends on the height and width of the cleat and whether or not the conveyor belt is provided with corrugated side edges. The paper presents theoretically determined relationships that can be used to determine the size of the transverse and longitudinal area and the volume of the batch of material spread on the surface of the conveyor belt in front of the cleat. The experiments performed provide the distances of the material distribution on the surface of the conveyor belt depending on the height of the cleat and the angle of inclination of the conveyor belt.
The combustion engine intake manifold cfd modeling depending on the airbox configuration
(MM Science, 2021) Richtář, Michal; Mücková, Petra; Famfulík, Jan; Šmiraus, Jakub
The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to modelling of air flow in combustion engine intake manifold depending on airbox configuration. The non-stationary flow occurs in internal combustion engines. This is a specific type of flow characterized by the fact that the variables depend not only on the position but also on the time. The intake manifold dimension and geometry strongly effects intake air amount. The basic target goal is to investigate how the intake trumpet position in the airbox impacts the filling of the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the effect of different distances between the trumpet neck and the airbox wall in this paper will be compared.
Detection of mechanical stress limiting effects of crane structure deformation
(MM Science, 2021) Hrabovský, Leopold; Folta, Zdeněk
The paper presents a construction design and results of laboratory tests of so-called mechanical stress detectors, which can be used to detect the deformation of the steel structure of a crane and to amplify the mechanical signal from the effect of the so-called crane skewing, which is included among occasional loads acting on the crane. The values of the relative elongation of the detectors corresponding to the magnitude of the instantaneous tensile force were obtained by conducting experimental mechanical tests. Detectors of a known extent of deformation were installed on a two-girder overhead crane bridge, where they measured axial forces generated during the controlled deformation of the crane bridge. In practice, the instantaneous values of the axial forces recorded by the individual detectors make it possible to regulate the speed of the crane drive wheels and thus eliminate, in a relatively short time, the undesirable effects of deforming the crane bridge and friction of the crane wheels on the sides of the rail heads.
Simple approach to medical grade alumina and zirconia ceramics surface alteration via acid etching treatment
(MDPI, 2021) Nakonieczny, Damian Stanislaw; Slíva, Aleš; Paszenda, Zbigniew; Hundáková, Marianna; Kratošová, Gabriela; Holešová, Sylva; Majewska, Justyna; Kałużyński, Piotr; Sathish, Sajjan Kumar; Simha Martynková, Gražyna
In order for bioceramics to be further used in composites and their applications, it is important to change the surface so that the inert material is ready to interact with another material. Medical grade alumina and zirconia ceramic powders have been chemically etched with three selected acidic mixtures. Powder samples were taken for characterization, which was the key to evaluating a successful surface change. Changes in morphology, together with chemical composition, were studied using scanning electron microscopy, phase composition using X-ray diffraction methods, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms are used to evaluate specific surface area and porosity. The application of HF negatively affected the morphology of the material and caused agglomeration. The most effective modification of ceramic powders was the application of a piranha solution to obtain a new surface and a satisfactory degree of agglomeration. The prepared micro-roughness of the etched ceramic would provide an improved surface of the material either for its next step of incorporation into the selected matrix or to directly aid in the attachment and proliferation of osteoblast cells.
Assessment of a robot base production using CAM programming for the FANUC control system
(De Gruyter, 2021) Michalik, Peter; Fabianová, Jana; Hrabovský, Leopold; Maslarić, Marinko; Straka, Ľuboslav; Macej, Jozef
The subject of the article is the research of the production of a robot base using CAM programming, Autodesk Inventor HSM software, followed by the generation of G code - NC program. The research specifically examined the accuracy of measurement and evaluation of roundness with coaxiality on a 3D measuring device Thome. The surface roughness of the circular holes was measured using a Mitutoyo SJ 400 roughness meter. The maximum deviation of the roundness of the diameter D56H7 measured was 0.011 mm, and the diameter D72H7 measured was 0.013 mm. The coaxiality deviation of the diameters D56H7 and D72H7 measured was 0.017 mm.
Dynamic model of contingency flight crew planning extending to crew formation
(MDPI, 2021) Graf, Vojtěch; Teichmann, Dušan; Dorda, Michal; Kontriková, Lenka
The creation of a flight schedule and the associated crew planning are clearly among the most complicated tasks in terms of traffic preparation. Even with a relatively small number of pilots and aircraft, numerous specific constraints arising from real operations must be included in the calculation, thus increasing the complexity of the planning process. However, even in a precision-planned operation, non-standard situations often occur, which must be addressed flexibly. It is at this point that an operational solution must be applied, the aims of which are to stabilize the flight schedule as soon as possible and minimize the financial impacts resulting from the non-standard situation. These problems are resolved by the airline's Operational Control Center, which also uses various software approaches to solve the problem. The problem is approached differently by large air carriers, which use software products to address it, and small and medium-sized air carriers, which resolve the issue of operational rescheduling intuitively, based on the experience of dispatchers. However, this intuitive approach can lead to inaccuracies that can lead to unnecessary financial losses. In this paper, we present an optimization model that can serve as a tool to support the decision-making of employees of the operations centers of smaller and medium-sized air carriers.
Internal combustion engine diagnostics using statistically processed Wiebe function
(Polish Maintenance Society, 2021) Famfulík, Jan; Richtář, Michal; Šmiraus, Jakub; Mücková, Petra; Šarkan, Branislav; Dresler, Pavel
The aim of the article is to present the concept of an indirect diagnostic method using the assessment of the variability of the amount of released heat (mass fraction burn) and the heat release rate. The Wiebe function for the assessment of variability has been used. The Wiebe function parameters from the course of the high-pressure indication in the cylinder of internal combustion engine using linear regression have been calculated. From a sufficiently large number of measured samples, the upper and lower limits of the Wiebe function parameters have been statistically determined. Lower and upper limits characterize variability of the heat release process not only in terms of quantity but also in terms of heat release rate. The assessment of variability is thus more complicated than using one integral indicator, typically the mean value of amount of the released heat. The procedure enabling a more accurate estimation of heat generation beginning has been shown. For the combustion process variability assessment of the engine, statistical test of relative frequencies has been used.
Mechanics of screw joints solved as beams placed in a tangential elastic foundation
(MDPI, 2021) Frydrýšek, Karel; Michenková, Šárka; Pleva, Leopold; Koutecký, Jan; Fries, Jiří; Peterek Dědková, Kateřina; Madeja, Roman; Trefil, Antonín; Krpec, Pavel; Halo, Tomáš; Hrabovský, Leopold; Bialy, Lubor; Jančo, Roland; Pokorný, Jiří
This article deals with a new original analytical solution of deformation, force and stress states in wood screw joints up to the limit values of pulling out/breaking the screw. The screws are under tension. The wood-to-screw interaction is effectively simplified by introducing several physical model variants using a tangential elastic non-linear foundation. The experimental verification of the proposed models using pull-out tests (i.e., pulling out screws from dry spruce wood in laboratory conditions) confirms the correctness of the proposed models of the elastic linear/non-linear foundation. The validity of the model is also analytically and experimentally verified in the biomechanical model of pulling out screws from the femur of a bovine/human cadaver, which confirms and expands the validity of newly designed screw joint models outside the timber structure area.

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