Publikační činnost Centra pokročilých inovačních technologií / Publications of Centre for Advanced Innovation Technologies (660)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/149121

Kolekce obsahuje bibliografické záznamy publikační činnosti (článků) akademických pracovníků Centra pokročilých inovačních technologií (660) v časopisech registrovaných ve Web of Science od roku 2003 po současnost.
Před rokem 2023 byly publikace uloženy pod číslem útvaru (9330).

Do kolekce jsou zařazeny:
a) publikace, u nichž je v originálních dokumentech jako působiště autora (adresa) uvedena Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava (VŠB-TUO),
b) publikace, u nichž v originálních dokumentech není v adrese VŠB-TUO uvedena, ale autoři prokazatelně v době jejich zpracování a uveřejnění působili na VŠB-TUO.

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 192 results

Zinc and copper metallic instability: Investigating altered metal functionality in both human and animal studies
(Springer Nature, 2026) Bhardwaj, Nidhi; Bhardwaj, Vandna; Choudhary, Ambika; Choudhary, Monika; Bhardwaj, Indu; Dulta, Kanika; Nagraik, Rupak; Ravi, Karthikeyan; Sharma, Avinash; Aman, Junaid
Homeostasis is the regulatory mechanism for the expression of all genes, the function of all metabolic pathways, the utilization of any essential trace element (TEs), while its disruptions lead to many pathological states. The pathologies include cardiovascular disease, anaemia, diabetes, neurological disorders, and cell death. For this, copper and zinc are two of the major TEs involved in controlling the physiological and pathological processes in both humans and animals. Zinc deficiency, for instance, is linked with decreased body weight, decreased ability to metabolize glucose, and impaired immune function. By contrast, deficiency of copper can lead to several neurological disorders, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in lipid metabolism. On the other hand, there excessive exposure can have adverse effects on health, including the development of epilepsy, neuronal excitability, genotoxic effects, and cellular toxicity. Moreover, dual biological functions of zinc further complicate the understanding of their roles in both health and disease. Such as, zinc has a neuromodulatory function and helps to control excitably in neurons, but sometimes zinc in the synapse, inhibit the functioning of inhibitory neurotransmitter and cause damage to the neurons. Likewise, in metabolic diseases, particularly diabetes mellitus, there is often dysregulation of the levels of zinc and copper, resulting in steel-like interactions; elevated levels of copper and reduced levels of zinc contribute towards the pathogenesis of both the disease and the progression of dementia. Despite this antagonistic relationship, both trace metals act synergistically as necessary derivatives of superoxide dismutase; therefore, both play a vital role in maintaining cellular antioxidant defense systems. Therefore, this review covers published articles from 1992-2025 with regard to zinc and copper in their dietary and nanoparticle forms in animal and human models to demonstrate their differing roles and how they complement one another, or conflict with one another.Graphical AbstractA graphical summary of the percentage of publications (A), as well as the mechanism of neurotransmission by zinc ions (B), and the regulation of Zn2+ and Cu+ ions in both humans and animals, through either positive (regulation) or negative (regulation) pathways (C).
Utilization of magnetic fraction isolated from steel furnace slag as a mild abrasive in formulation of Cu-free friction composites
(MDPI, 2024) Matějka, Vlastimil; Jayashree, Priyadarshini; Foniok, Kryštof; Vlček, Jozef; Matějková, Petra; Straffelini, Giovanni
Magnetic fraction isolated from steel furnace slag was tested as a component of Cu-free friction composites. The friction-wear performance and production of wear particles during their testing using a pin-on-disc tester against a cast iron disc were evaluated. To compare the effect of the magnetic fraction on the parameters studied, the composite with alumina and the composite with original steel furnace slag were also prepared and tested. All composites showed a comparable friction coefficient. The composite with original steel furnace slag, and the composite with a magnetic fraction showed higher wear resistance compared to the composite containing alumina. The positive effect of the magnetic fraction on the extent of the emission of wear particles was observed and explained by the decreased aggressiveness of this composite to the cast iron disc. The influence of the phase composition of the steel furnace slag and the magnetic fraction on the friction film formation was also indicated, and its effect on the production of wear particles was proposed.
The carbon mineralization behavior of copper slag and its impact on pozzolanic reactivity
(Elsevier, 2025) Wang, Yingbin; Li, Xinhao; Miao, Wenjuan; Su, Ying; He, Xingyang; Strnadel, Bohumír
The massive discharge of copper slag (CS) has led to serious environmental problems. Carbon mineralization, as a treatment method of solid waste, not only achieves carbon sequestration, but also enhances the pozzolanic activity. In this work, a novel exfoliation aqueous carbonation method combining aqueous carbon mineralization and wet grinding was proposed to evaluate the carbon mineralization behavior of CS at mild temperature and pressure. The results indicated that exfoliation aqueous carbonation exhibited higher mineralization degree than that of classical CO2 bubbling carbonation. The carbonation products of CS were mainly composed of amorphous carbonate and silica. Elevated carbonation temperature could promote the dissolution of fayalite in CS to enhance the carbon mineralization degree. Carbon mineralization treatment could improve the pozzolanic reactivity of CS and the 28 d strength activity index could reach up to 106.3 %. The outcomes could help provide new technology to facilitate the resource utilization of CS.
Fluid-related performances and compressive strength of clinker-free cementitious backfill material based on phosphate tailings
(Tech Science Press, 2024) Yang, Jin; Liu, Senye; He, Xingyang; Su, Ying; Zeng, Jingyi; Strnadel, Bohumír
Phosphate tailings are usually used as backfill material in order to recycle tailings resources. This study considers the effect of the mix proportions of clinker-free binders on the fluidity, compressive strength and other key performances of cementitious backfill materials based on phosphate tailings. In particular, three solid wastes, phosphogypsum (PG), semi-aqueous phosphogypsum (HPG) and calcium carbide slag (CS), were selected to activate wet ground granulated blast furnace slag (WGGBS) and three different phosphate tailings backfill materials were prepared. Fluidity, rheology, settling ratio, compressive strength, water resistance and ion leaching behavior of backfill materials were determined. According to the results, when either PG or HPG is used as the sole activator, the fluidity properties of the materials are enhanced. Phosphate tailings backfill material activated with PG present the largest fluidity and the lowest yield stress. Furthermore, the backfill material's compressive strength is considerably increased to 2.9 MPa at 28 days after WGGBS activation using a mix of HPG and CS, all with a settling ratio of only 1.15 percent. Additionally, all the three ratios of binder have obvious solidification effects on heavy metal ions Cu and Zn, and P in phosphate tailings.
Fibrous PVDF membranes modified by anchored g-C3N4@GO composite with enhanced photocatalytic activity
(Elsevier, 2024) Vilamová, Zuzana; Czernek, Pavel; Zágora, Jakub; Svoboda, Ladislav; Bednář, Jiří; Šimonová, Zuzana; Plachá, Daniela; Dvorský, Richard
Recently, the development of fibrous membranes for pollutant filtration from air or water has been a topic of great interest. However, these filters' high and rapid fouling has limited their use. In response, we have prepared photocatalytic active membranes that harness the synergic effect between graphene oxide (GO) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The resulting composite demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity (k(obs) = 88 x 10(-3) min(-1)). This g-C3N4@GO composite was then carefully deposited on/in an electrospun polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) fibrous membrane. The reproducible results of the chemical bonding of the composite to the PVDF matrix were evident during photocatalytic experiments after ten Rhodamine B (Rh B) photocatalytic degradation cycles. Importantly, the fiber structure analysis post-reaction did not reveal any fiber cracks or void formation defects, indicating the excellent chemical stability of the PVDF fibrous matrix. This research offers a promising, sustainable, eco-friendly, and efficient solution for removing pollutants from different environments, inspiring further exploration and development in this field.
Biosensors for detection of pesticide residue, mycotoxins and heavy metals in fruits and vegetables: A concise review
(Elsevier, 2024) Balkrishna, Acharya; Kumari, Amita; Kumar, Ashwani; Arya, Vedpriya; Chauhan, Ankush; Upadhyay, Navneet Kumar; Guleria, Ishita, Ishita; Amarowicz, Ryszard, Ryszard; Kumar, Dinesh; Kuča, Kamil
Consumer concerns and government regulations focused on the safety of fruits and vegetables dictate the need to analyze various food contaminants of concern. Major contaminants include pesticide residues, mycotoxins, and heavy metals. The most significant global challenge is their prompt detection in fruits and vegetables (conventionally grown/organic produce). Foodborne outbreaks are detrimental to the economy and public health both nationally and on a global scale. The scope of the study is to analyze and summarize advanced techniques like immunoassay and advances in biosensors for the detection of food contaminants so that the impact of the latter can be minimized. The preferable techniques for pesticide residues, mycotoxins, and heavy metals detections are outlined, along with their merits, demerits, and future recommendations to ensure adequate quality control measures. The Ag and Au-based biosensors and quantum-dot-based biosensors, especially lateral flow immunoassay, have shown fast and on-spot detection of pesticides and mycotoxins, respectively. Whereas, for heavy metals, electrochemical biosensors are recommended. Biosensors are found highly sensitive, specific, simple, and user-friendly. The higher cost of advanced biosensors, single-time use, and specificity to few contaminants limit their use. Nanotechnology interventions can increase biosensor performance, leading to more economical and productive detection of food contaminants. A comprehensive and efficient approach that can quickly identify multiple food contaminants while being cost-effective and userfriendly is the need of the hour.
The role of nanofluids in enhancing thermal management and biomedical applications: A review
(Elsevier, 2026) Sharma, Aman; Khanal, Sonali; Suvedi, Divyesh; Yadav, Neelesh; Sharma, Shivam; Verma, Rachna; Kumar, Dinesh; Peter, Lukáš; Kalová, Martina
Nanofluids have emerged as next-generation heat transfer fluids (HTFs) with extraordinary multifunctionality in industries, biomedicine and pharmaceutics. This review provides a detailed and quantitative analysis of recent advances, showing that graphene oxide-based nanofluids enhance thermal conductivity by up to 76.8 %, while Fe2O3 water and Al2O3 Nanofluids deliver 9-40 % enhancements in heat transfer coefficients under practical conditions. Beyond thermal performance, nanofluids demonstrate antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties critical for medicinal devices sterilisation and drug delivery. Moreover, a key novelty of this review lies in its integration of thermal performance metrics with advanced computational innovations, comprising AI-enhanced CFD models that achieve R-2 similar to 0.99 predictive accuracy and similar to 98 % reduction in computational time. Further, it addresses green synthesis approaches, stimuli-responsive formulations, and remaining challenges in the realm of biocompatibility and toxicity; it uniquely bridges thermal engineering, biomedical nanotechnology and intelligent modelling. Overall, it offers a forward-looking roadmap for designing sustainable, efficient and clinically relevant multifunctional nanofluids, as a valuable resource for both industrial and biomedical advancement.
Translational nanorobotics breaking through biological membranes
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Ressnerová, Alžběta; Heger, Zbyněk; Pumera, Martin
In the dynamic realm of translational nanorobotics, the endeavor to develop nanorobots carrying therapeutics in rational in vivo applications necessitates a profound understanding of the biological landscape of the human body and its complexity. Within this landscape, biological membranes stand as critical barriers to the successful delivery of therapeutic cargo to the target site. Their crossing is not only a challenge for nanorobotics but also a pivotal criterion for the clinical success of therapeutic-carrying nanorobots. Nevertheless, despite their urgency, strategies for membrane crossing in translational nanorobotics remain relatively underrepresented in the scientific literature, signaling an opportunity for further research and innovation. This review focuses on nanorobots with various propulsion mechanisms from chemical and physical to hybrid mechanisms, and it identifies and describes four essential biological membranes that represent the barriers needed to be crossed in the therapeutic journey of nanorobots in in vivo applications. First is the entry point into the blood stream, which is the skin or mucosa or intravenous injection; next is the exit from the bloodstream across the endothelium to the target site; further is the entry to the cell through the plasma membrane and, finally, the escape from the lysosome, which otherwise destroys the cargo. The review also discusses design challenges inherent in translating nanorobot technologies to real-world applications and provides a critical overview of documented membrane crossings. The aim is to underscore the need for further interdisciplinary collaborations between chemists, materials scientists and chemical biologists in this vital domain of translational nanorobotics that has the potential to revolutionize the field of precision medicine.
Carbon dots in the center of the spotlight: A full evaluation of their synthesis and understanding of their fundamental properties and applications
(Elsevier, 2024) de Conti, M. C. M. D.; de Castro, A. A.; Assis, L. C.; Lima, N. M.; Escriba, A.; Nepovimova, E.; Kuča, Kamil; Ramalho, T. C.; La Porta, F. A.
Due to the simplicity of fabricating the carbon dots (CQDs), which allows for scalability and cost-effectiveness, and their fascinating size-dependent physical properties, such functional materials are an enormous promise for many emergent technological applications. This has positioned these functional materials as highly promising candidates for a plethora of cutting-edge technological applications. Notable examples included solar cells, phototherapy, sensing, and environmental applications, which will be addressed in this review underscore their immense promise in emergent technologies. Here, we present a fuller understanding of the synthetic methods and physical properties of CQDs through the rationalization of many experimental and theoretical results. This includes discussions on their optical, electronic, and structural characteristics, elucidating the intricate interplay between these factors. The synthesis-structure-application triad is critically analyzed to draw connections between the fabrication methods, intrinsic properties, and functionality of CQDs. By highlighting the advancements and challenges in each of these domains, we aim to offer a comprehensive overview that can serve as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the field. Finally, we hope that this review can, in principle, direct future experimental and theoretical research related to CQDs, in order to shed some light on the broad spectrum of CQDs applications a priori.
Development of carbon sequestration cement-based materials with mechanochemically carbonated carbide slag
(Elsevier, 2026) Yang, Jin; Li, Ting; Zeng, Jingyi; Su, Ying; Lu, Siyu; Tian, Cong; Strnadel, Bohumír; He, Xingyang
Calcium carbide slag (CS) is a highly alkaline industrial byproduct with elevated calcium content. While CS demonstrates significant carbon sequestration potential, the inherent inertness of its carbonation product (calcite) limits its practical application in cement-based materials. In the present work, CS was mechanochemically treated with wet-grinding carbonation method. This approach achieved high-efficiency carbonation while overcoming the activity limitations of calcite product. Wet-grinding carbonation achieved 91.9 % of theoretical CO2 uptake within 15 min, reducing carbonation time by 25 % compared to conventional bubbling carbonation method, under equivalent carbonation degree. Mechanochemical forces activated the carbonated CS by stripping inert CaCO3 surface layers and exposing active sites, This process changed the inert characteristics of the calcite product, resulting in higher reactivity compared to the bubbling-carbonated CS. In addition, mechanochemical carbonation significantly reduces the particle size of CS, endowing it with dual effects of hydration induction and micro-filling. With incorporation of mechanochemically carbonated CS, the hydration induction period was shortened by 48.9 % and the 28-day compressive strength was improved by 12 %.
Preparation and physical properties of quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloy powders with heusler and β-Mn structures
(MDPI, 2025) Skotnicová, Kateřina; Juřica, Jan; Životský, Ondřej; Čegan,Tomáš; Hrabovská, Kamila; Matějka, Vlastimil; Zlá, Simona; Kawuloková, Monika; Chrobák, Artur
Manganese-based alloys with the composition Mn2FeZ (Z = Si, Al) have been extensively investigated in recent years due to their potential applications in spintronics. The Mn2FeSi alloy, prepared in the form of ingots, powders, or ribbons, exhibits either a cubic full-Heusler (L21) structure, an inverse-Heusler (XA) structure, or a combination of both. In contrast, the Mn2FeAl alloy has so far been synthesized only in the form of ingots, featuring a primitive cubic (beta-Mn type) structure. This study focuses on the new quaternary Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloy synthesized from pure Mn, Fe, Si, and Al powders via mechanical alloying. The elemental powders were ball-milled for 168 h with a ball-to-powder ratio of 10:1, followed by annealing at 550 degrees C, 700 degrees C, and 950 degrees C for 8 h in an argon protective atmosphere. The results demonstrate that annealing at lower temperatures (550 degrees C) led to the formation of a Heusler structure with a lattice constant of 0.5739 nm. Annealing at 700 degrees C resulted in the coexistence of several phases, including the Heusler phase and a newly developed primitive cubic beta-Mn structure. Further increasing the annealing temperature to 950 degrees C completely suppressed the Heusler phase, with the beta-Mn structure, having a lattice constant of 0.6281 nm, becoming the dominant phase. These findings confirm the possibility of tuning the structure of Mn2FeSi0.5Al0.5 alloy powder-and thereby its physical properties-by varying the annealing temperature. The sensitivity of magnetic properties to structural changes is demonstrated through magnetization curves and zero-field-cooled/field-cooled curves in the temperature range of 5 K to 300 K.
Liquid-solid grinding system: Grinding kinetics of coal fly ash as ultrafine supplementary cementitious materials
(Elsevier, 2024) Yang, Jin; Huang, Yong; He, Xingyang; Su, Ying; Huang, Tao; Strnadel, Bohumír
Wet-milling in liquid-solid system can achieve ultra-fine mechanical dissociation of solid wastes with low energy consumption, thereby efficiently improving the potential pozzolanic reactivity. However, the wet-milling kinetics of ultrafine dissociation in liquid-solid system has not been fully investigated. This paper systematically investigates the wet-milling kinetics of fly ash (FA). Results showed that before wetmilling of FA for 360 min, no agglomeration effect was observed. The particle dissociation of FA during wet-milling can be divided into three stages: rapid dissociation, slow dissociation and stabilization. The evolution process of particle size distribution during wet-milling is consistent with the Rosin-RammlerBennet distribution. Both the particle uniformity coefficient and fractal dimension showed highly positive linear correlation with the strength activity index of wet-milled FA. The grey correlation analysis showed that FA particles between 1.1 and 3.1 mm had the greatest impact on both the early and late strength activity index. Simultaneously, D10 of wet-milled FA has the largest impact on strength activity index at each age, while D10 0 has the least impact. Therefore, D10 and proportion of particles in 1.1 -3.1 mm can be an important basis for judging the reactivity of wet-milled FA as ultrafine supplementary cementitious materials.
The carbon activation of electric furnace ferronickel slag and its utilization in cement-based materials
(Elsevier, 2024) Wang, Yingbin; Xiang, Zhiding; Su, Ying; He, Xingyang; Yang, Jin; Li, Yubo; Jin, Zihao; Strnadel, Bohumír
The high annual emissions and low utilization rate of electric furnace ferronickel slag (EFS) have brought enormous impacts on environment. This work intends to propose a methodology for the carbon activation of EFS to improve its resource utilization. To this end, the exfoliation-carbonation (i.e., hybrid aqueous carbonation) was developed and compared with CO2 bubbling carbonation (i.e., direct aqueous carbonation). The carbonation process of EFS and the hydration and mechanical strength of activated EFS blended cement-based materials was evaluated. Experimental results indicated that mechanical pre-treatment could disorder forsterite crystal and promote the dissolution of Mg to form Si enriched mineral surface. The direct aqueous carbonation led to the formation of passivation layer which could be striped by hybrid aqueous carbonation to facilitate further carbon mineralization. Increase in temperature significantly improved the decomposition of forsterite and accelerated the carbon mineralization kinetics. The activated EFS could accelerate the hydration and promote the mechanical strength of cement-based materials. Carbon mineralization is an effective method to strengthening the activity of EFS.
ZrN coating as a source for the synthesis of a new hybrid ceramic layer
(Elsevier, 2024) Gabor, Roman; Cvrček, Ladislav; Kudrnová, Marie; Hlinka, Josef; Večeř, Marek; Buřil, Matěj; Walter, Jan; Čekada, Miha; Drnovšek, Aljaž; Unucka, Petr; Mamulová Kutláková, Kateřina; Motyka, Oldřich; Seidlerová, Jana
The study focuses on an innovative process for the use of a ZrN coating on Ti6Al4V alloy for orthopaedic bone implants. The preparation process combines the technology of physical vapour deposition (PVD) and micro-arc oxidation (MAO) to achieve hydrophobic properties, improved corrosion resistance and enhanced coating adhesion to Ti6Al4V alloy. An alkaline electrolyte and different microarc discharge intensities were used to prepare MAO coatings. The evaluation of the structure and topography of the coatings was performed using SEM with XRPD, EDX, and XPS analysis. The prepared oxide coatings Zr, ZrSiO4, and ZrTiO4 increase the corrosion potential depending on the applied source frequency and thus increase the corrosion resistance of the hybrid system. At the same time, the formation of oxide phases leads to changes in surface topography associated with increasing friction coefficient and better wear resistance.
Silver-loaded poly(vinyl alcohol)/polycaprolactone polymer scaffold as a biocompatible antibacterial system
(Springer Nature, 2024) Vilamová, Zuzana; Šimonová, Zuzana; Bednář, Jiří; Mikeš, Petr; Cieslar, Miroslav; Svoboda, Ladislav; Dvorský, Richard; Rosenbergová, Kateřina; Kratošová, Gabriela
A chronic nonhealing wound poses a significant risk for infection and subsequent health complications, potentially endangering the patient‘s well‑being. Therefore, effective wound dressings must meet several crucial criteria, including: (1) eliminating bacterial pathogen growth within the wound, (2) forming a barrier against airborne microbes, (3) promoting cell proliferation, (4) facilitating tissue repair. In this study, we synthesized 8 ± 3 nm Ag NP with maleic acid and incorporated them into an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix with 1.6 and 3.4 µm fiber sizes. The Ag NPs were anchored to the matrix via electrospraying water‑soluble poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA), reducing the average sphere size from 750 to 610 nm in the presence of Ag NPs. Increasing the electrospraying time of Ag NP‑treated PVA spheres demonstrated a more pronounced antibacterial effect. The resultant silver‑based material exhibited 100% inhibition of gram‑negative Escherichia coli and gram‑positive Staphylococcus aureus growth within 6 h while showing non‑cytotoxic effects on the Vero cell line. We mainly discuss the preparation method aspects of the membrane, its antibacterial properties, and cytotoxicity, suggesting that combining these processes holds promise for various medical applications.
{001}⟨101⟩ texture evolution by preferential dynamic grain growth in Ti–37 mol%Nb alloy under plane strain compression at high temperatures
(Japan Institute of Metals and Materials, 2024) Umezawa, Osamu; Hayakawa, Yujiro; Schindler, Ivo; Fukutomi, Hiroshi
{001}< 101 > texture evolution in Ti-37 mol%Nb (Nb-46.5 mass%Ti) alloy was determined under plane strain compression at the temperatures of 800 degrees C, 950 degrees C, and 1100 degrees C, in which preferential dynamic grain growth (PDGG) took place. At lower temperature and higher strain rate such as 800 degrees C-10(-2)/s, almost no grain growth occurred in the transverse direction (TD), and the alpha-fiber + near {111}< 110 > in the gamma-fiber texture was developed, which was a stable orientation as deformation texture. At higher temperature and lower strain rate such as 1100 degrees C-10(-3)/s, the grain growth along the TD remarkably appeared by grain boundary bulging, and an extremely high pole density of the texture near the alpha-fiber, especially the rotated cube {001}< 101 >, evolved. A planar dislocation structure with pile-ups appeared and individual dislocations were uniformly distributed in the grains. The rotated cube texture fulfills the conditions of the deformation stability and the low Taylor factor in accordance with the PDGG mechanism. The essential aspect of the mechanism is the preferential growth of grains with a stable orientation for deformation and a low Taylor factor in the given deformation mode.
Immunotoxicity of stainless-steel nanoparticles obtained after 3D printing
(Elsevier, 2024) Olšovská, Eva; Lehotská Mikušová, Miroslava; Tulinská, Jana; Rollerová, Eva; Vilamová, Zuzana; Líšková, Aurélia; Horváthová, Mira; Szabová, Michaela; Svoboda, Ladislav; Gabor, Roman; Hajnyš, Jiří; Dvorský, Richard; Kukutschová, Jana; Lukán, Norbert
This study aims to investigate the in vitro effects of nanoparticles (NPs) produced during the selective laser melting (SLM) of 316 L stainless steel metal powder on the immune response in a human blood model. Experimental data did not reveal effect on viability of 316 L NPs for the tested doses. Functional immune assays showed a significant immunosuppressive effect of NPs. There was moderate stimulation (117%) of monocyte phagocytic activity without significant changes in phagocytic activity and respiratory burst of granulocytes. A significant dose-dependent increase in the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a was found in blood cultures treated with NPs. On the contrary, IL-8 chemokine levels were significantly suppressed. The levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were reduced by only a single concentration of NPs. These new findings can minimise potential health risks and indicate the need for more research in this area.
The effect of wet-grinding on the properties of glass powder and its application in cement based materials
(Springer Nature, 2023) Wang, Yingbin; Yang, Jie; Su, Ying; He, Xingyang; Strnadel, Bohumír
To improve the pozzolanic reactivity, waste glass (WG) needs to be micronized to fine particles so as to expedite the leaching of active constituent. The key feature of this work is to examine the effect of wet-grinded WG on the mechanical and structural properties of cement based materials. The experimental results show that wet-grinding can improve the ions leaching behavior of WGP and decrease the stability of silicon oxide bond. The pozzolanic reactivity of WGP was dramatically enhanced after wet-grinding, as high as 144.1% at 1 d and 110.9% at 28 d when the mean grain size of WGP reached 0.90 µm. The ground WGP can promote the transformation of capillary pores to gel pores to improve the compactness of microstructure regardless of the reaction time.
Immunohistochemical evaluation of tissues following bone implant extraction from upper and lower limb
(Universidad de Murcia, 2023) Bielniková-Kryštofová, Hana; Motyka, Oldřich; Židlík, Vladimír; Žiak, Dušan; Szotkovská, Iveta; Škarda, Jozef; Voves, Jiří; Pometlová, Jana; Pleva, Leopold; Havlíček, Miroslav; Čabanová, Kristina
Fractured bones can regenerate and restore their biological and mechanical properties to the state prior to the damage. In some cases, however, the treatment of fractures requires the use of supportive implants. For bone healing, three processes are essential: the inflammatory phase, the repair phase and the remodelling phase. A proper course of the first inflammatory stage is important to ensure a successful fracture healing process. In our study, we evaluated tissue samples immunohistochemically from the area surrounding the fractures of upper and lower limbs (bone tissue, soft tissue, and the implant-adhering tissue) for markers: CD11b, CD15, CD34, CD44, CD68, Cathepsin K, and TRAcP that are linked to the aforementioned phases. In soft tissue, higher expressions of CD68, CD34, CD15 and CD11b markers were observed than in other locations. TRAcP and Cathepsin K markers were more expressed in the bone tissue, while pigmentation, necrosis and calcification were more observed in the implant-adhering tissue. Since even the implant materials commonly perceived as inert elicit the observed inflammatory responses, new surface treatments and materials need to be developed.
Creep damaged microstructure and mechanical properties of Cr–Mo–V steel subjected to long-term service exposures
(Elsevier, 2023) Négyesi, Martin; Kraus, Martin; Mareš, Vratislav; Kwon, Dongil; Strnadel, Bohumír
Evaluating the degree of creep damage is of high importance for the residual life assessment of high temperature and pressure steam piping systems of power plants. This study aims at assessing creep damaged microstructure and mechanical properties of low alloy Cr–Mo–V steel after long-term service exposures. Variations in mechanical properties have been assessed by means of tensile tests, hardness measurement and instrumented indentation testing (IIT). Optical and scanning electron microscopies were employed for the identification of creep damaged microstructure. The effect of heat treatment on the recovery of microstructure and mechanical properties was also studied. Correlations of IIT and hardness results between surface and bulk values have been obtained. The results of IIT agree well to the results of tensile tests. Moreover, relationships between hardness and tensile properties have been assessed. Eventually, the evaluation of the degree of creep damage by employing IIT and hardness measurement was attempted.

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