Řada bezpečnostní inženýrství. 2015, roč. 10 / Safety Engineering Series. 2015, vol. 10

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/111968

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Now showing 1 - 15 out of 15 results

The need of special technique in crisis management
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Lipták, Peter; Kopecký, Ivan; Štrba, Ján; Dlugoš, Ivan
Operation of special equipment is possible in crisis situations. It is because special equipment is designed for operation in non-standard often extreme conditions and situation, it is available, it has a high degree of crossing capability and it is able to provide basic living conditions even in fi eld, e.g. provision of power for hospital, transportation of wounded and injured persons, supplies, medical care in fi eld conditions, delivery of potable and utility water etc. The authors in the paper deal with a possibility to provide electric energy through advanced renewable sources, especially in meeting tasks in areas with no public mains, possible supplies of potable and non-potable water, embedding such assets into mobile systems. The authors in publication summarize results of research within the „Use of renewable sources of energy in practice project“. System of modeling and computer-aided simulation of renewable sources of energy has been proposed within this project. Application of a system for designing of power systems in logistic containers is expected. The knowledge on power balance of logistic containers operated by the SR Armed Forces in missions abroad is summarized in the last chapter of the paper. Experiences with operating the equipment in crisis and extreme conditions have proved a possibility to export and deploy machines and weaponry equipment of the SR Armed Forces into extreme climatic conditions, e.g. out of European conditions etc.
Analysis of the normative requirements for ensuring the safety of powder coating booths in terms of the risk of explosion
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Veličková, Eva; Štroch, Petr; Velička, Richard;
During the process of electrostatic powder coating in coating booths, there is a probability of the risk of explosion. Compliance with the normative requirements referred to in the legislation in force minimize the hazards associated with the risk of explosion. This article focuses on the analysis of the current security level of coating booths in terms of the risk of explosion in relation to the lower explosive limit of the selected powder paints.
Practical application of a model for assessing the criticality of railway infrastructure elements
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Novotný, Petr; Markuci, Jiří; Titko, Michal; Slivková, Simona; Řehák, David
Rail transport is an important sub-sector of transport infrastructure. Disruption of its operation due to emergencies can result in a reduction in functional parameters of provided services with consequent impacts on society. Identifi cation of critical elements of this system enables its timely and effective protection. On that ground, the article presents a draft model for assessing the criticality of railway infrastructure elements. This model uses a systems approach and multicriteria semi-quantitative analysis with weighted criteria for calculating the criticality of individual elements of the railway infrastructure. In the conclusion, it presents a practical application of the proposed model including the discussion of results.
Effects of compressed air foam application on heat conditions in fire within a closed space
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Thomitzek, Adam; Ondruch, Jan; Chudová, Dana; Kučera, Petr
This article evaluates the knowledge obtained in fi refi ghting tests using compressed air foam system (CAFS) within a confi ned space. Six experiments were conducted for verifi cation during the cooling of rooms and the self-extinguishing effect. The simulation was for a fully developed fi re within a room. The fuel was chosen to simulate ordinary combustible materials utilized in residential areas. Mantel thermocouples were placed in the rooms to record the temperature changes. Compressed air foam was fi rst applied with a standard fi re hose nozzle to the ceiling and then to the epicenter of fi re. Fire extinguishing was initiated after reaching the desired temperature in the room. The temperature for the start of fi re extinguishing matched the third phase of development of a fi re. Fire extinguishing was terminated after no obvious signs of fi re were shown in epicenter of fi re. The outputs of the experiments were evaluated on the basis of the amount of time passed for the temperature to drop below the suggested limit. Individual experiments were also conducted with various different admixing foaming agents over different locations. In the experiments, it has been verifi ed that the application of compressed air foam has a positive effect on room cooling. Use of a compressed air foaming agent does not allow for the development of steam that can scald fi refi ghters and reduce visibility. Furthermore, the extinguishing agent used is more effi cient utilizing less water fl ow out of the fi re area.
Explosion risk assessments for facilities with compressed flammable gases
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Kulich, Martin; Cáb, Stanislav; Nos, Filip; Bernatík, Aleš
In the fi rst part of the article we discuss the possibilities and analytical tools that can deal with the classifi cation of space into zones with danger of explosion for devices with the presence of compressed fl ammable gases. Then we continue with specifi cations of possibilities for practical utilization linked to variables such as ventilation degree, hypothetical volume etc., including the examples. At the end we also give a brief overview of software for modelling gas leak, including examples of an outcome.
Investigation of spontaneous combustion tendency of vegetable oils by the means of differential thermal analysis
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Hrušovský, Ivan; Martinka, Jozef; Rantuch, Peter; Balog, Karol
The potential of vegetable oils to undergo violent thermal oxidation is long-known problem. The process of this oxidation is investigated by the means of differential thermal analysis. Polyurethane foam was saturated with Tung oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids at three different mass rations, and airfl ow at three different rates is introduces to the sample to ensure suffi cient volume of air for oxidation. The samples were thermally stressed both dynamically and isothermally. The results were compared to results of standard differential Mackey test.
Experimental study of minimum ignition temperature of spent coffee grounds
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Wachter, Igor; Balog, Karol; Kobetičová, Hana; Ház, Aleš
The aim of this scientifi c paper is an analysis of the minimum ignition temperature of dust layer and the minimum ignition temperatures of dust clouds. It could be used to identify the threats in industrial production and civil engineering, on which a layer of combustible dust could occure. Research was performed on spent coffee grounds. Tests were performed according to EN 50281-2-1:2002 Methods for determining the minimum ignition temperatures of dust (Method A). Objective of method A is to determine the minimum temperature at which ignition or decomposition of dust occurs during thermal straining on a hot plate at a constant temperature. The highest minimum smouldering and carbonating temperature of spent coffee grounds for 5 mm high layer was determined at the interval from 280 °C to 310 °C during 600 seconds. Method B is used to determine the minimum ignition temperature of a dust cloud. Minimum ignition temperature of studied dust was determined to 470 °C (air pressure - 50 kPa, sample weight 0.3 g).
5 R’s in safe maintenance management
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Pačaiová, Hana
Why 5 R’s for a maintenance manager? The reason is very simple. First - maintenance management has been necessary from the “birth” of machinery. Design Requirements for safety, availability, maintainability are the fi rst step of control of potential losses coming from future operation and depending on the state of maintenance strategy. Second - Regulatory and legislative acts create a basis for data identifi cation which is under legal control and important to effective management. Third - Reasonable maintenance strategy supports compliance with stakeholders’ expectations. Repression must not be a winner over prevention, i.e. preventive strategies must prevail over corrective strategies. And last - all these steps lead to effective operation with systematic control of Risk. To achieve the objectives of companies, activities of the companies have to be based on “intelligent maintenance management”.
Evaluation of the operation and maintenance of bulk tanks on the Tatra 815 chassis of Fire and Rescue Service brigades in the South-Moravian Region
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Jánošík, Ladislav; Dvořák, Ivo
This paper is focused on the evaluation of data of the operation of tanker truck syringes designed for high-volume extinguish on TATRA chassis for the period 2010 - 2014, which are placed at the Fire and Rescue Service brigades in the South-Moravian Region. At the beginning of the analysis, statistical data on intervention activities focusing on the frequency of utilization of vehicles in response and other activities were evaluated. Then, analyses of kilometric mileage and hour meter reading of machine work in a stand were carried out. These analyses characterize the traffi c load. Subsequently, selected operating characteristics are calculated and in the end, the results are compared with previous research of the fi rst-response tanks.
The use of electre i method in the decision-making process - case study
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Korban, Zygmunt; Boháč, Zdeněk
This article presents the possibilities of using one of the multi-criteria discrete methods in the engineering design. Illustrated with an example, the way of using Electre I method in the evaluation of quality features, which describe technical means the purchase of which is being taken into consideration in connection with the expected start-up of a new coal-mine area, has been discussed.
Possible IED threat to airport premises during security X-ray inspection
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Lichorobiec, Stanislav; Barčová, Karla
key elements of critical infrastructure, belonging to the very high risk category. Any infringement leading to limitation or complete shutdown would cause considerable economic and psychological damage. The most important task is to ensure high quality and reliable physical and technical protection of the airport, because especially in the summer months these areas collect large numbers of people and a possible terrorist attack could be fatal. This paper focuses on assessing the possibilities of solving the problem of IEDs hidden in travel luggage, and their initiation by X-rays during security checks
Modern conditions of radiation safety in the context of development plants of nuclear energy in Poland
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Zaorski, Maciej; Rogowski, Krzysztof
In the era of globalization, the issue of energy security is very important. Nuclear energy is an important component in the context of energy security. Despite the disasters and accidents of nuclear power plants this domain is booming and plays an important role in national energy systems. Hence planning a nuclear power plant in Poland is an extremely important issue. This project is part of the diversifi cation of energy sources in Poland. Radiation safety is an important element of construction of a nuclear power plant. This is the whole system which consists of the legal, organizational and technical parts. The system comprises radiation environment protection and physical security along with measures protecting nuclear materials
Experimental verification of selected risk factors disrupting ecall system function
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Žabenský, Jakub; Ščurek, Radomír; Toh, Wei Hong Jeremy
standards, its manufacturers are forced to adapting, developing and implementing new design features increasing level of passive protection of passengers as well as implementing systems affecting active protection level. Both of these kinds of protection help to reduce the severity of subsequent damage to passegners during an accident or to prevent the accident occurance, but do not help to shorten the time span between this accident occurance and arrival of the rescue service. This function provides an emergency call system, which is capable of immediate automatic transfer of information about the accident via GSM network to the emergency call center. This transfer, unfortunately, could be disrupted by certain risk factors, which are experimentally evaluated in the article.
Determination of the minimum ignition energy on different devices
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Lepík, Petr; Gabel, Dieter; Adamus, Wojciech; Mokoš, Ladislav; Mynarz, Miroslav; Serafín, Jiří
This article focuses on determination of the minimum ignition energy of dust. For the measurement of the minimum ignition energy of dust are available device from different manufacturers. In this article, the comparison device from three manufacturers - Chilworth, Kühner and Anko are executed. For the experimental measurement of the minimum minimum ignition energy was chosen 5 dust samples so that they are represented sample of organic dust, synthetic organic dust and coal dust. The article briefl y introduces each apparatus for determining the minimum ignition energy and there is a comparison of the results obtained with individual devices. Finally, it is an assessment the results obtained and used test equipment.
Occupational exposure to airborne ultrafine particles in various industrial workplaces
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2015) Mička, Vladimír; Ježo, Eduard; Lach, Karel; Bernatíková, Šárka; Kaličáková, Zdeňka
Integral part of risk assessment of workplaces includes detailed characterization of airborne aerosols in case of such a considerable risk present in workplace atmosphere. Size, particle size distribution and chemical characterization of ultrafi ne particles in various industrial workplaces are systematically studied by set of techniques including the wide range size resolving sampling system Nano-ID® Select followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) exploited for chemical analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fast Mobility Particle Sizing (FMPS) and Lung Deposited Surface Area Monitoring (LDSA). Results obtained from expertise on particle fractionated mass and the calculated deposition fraction in various compartments of the respiratory system using the ICRP lung deposition model suggest suitability of size-selective sampling and size-related assessment not only for engineered nanoobjects and their aggregates and agglomerates, but also for inadvertently produced emissions of present-day technologies.

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