Řada bezpečnostní inženýrství. 2017, roč. 12 / Safety Engineering Series. 2017, vol. 12

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/132740

Browse

Now showing 1 - 16 out of 16 results

Evaluation and Measurement of Hand-transmitted Vibrations
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Marková, Iveta; Suchoň, Marek
The goal of this work is the effect of vibrations on selected professionals through questionnaire survey and implementation of experimental vibration measurements on a hand of employee. The observation of vibration effects was chosen in a company, where products are being shaped with pneumatic instruments and there is a risk of an exposure of vibrations on the employees. In experimental part are described and evaluated questionnaire surveys conducted on selected risk factors. The reason is the realization of work with vibrating tools for a longer time, where some parts do wear-out and therefore there is a higher exposure to oscillation.
Ergonomics Investigation of Musculoskeletal Disorder among the Workforce of Waste Management Industry in Nigeria
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Musa, Adekunle Ibrahim; Yussouff, Abiodun; Raji, Nurudeen; Ogedengbe, Temitayo; Saheed, Rasheed
The objective of this study is to undertake an Ergonomic Scrutiny of Desecrate Management Industry. Ten (10) employees of the parking and collection department of Kim Waste Management Authority (KWMA) were selected. Their activities were video and recorded while working and their different postures were analyzed using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Result showed that 10 % were at medium risk; 40 % were at high risk and 50 % were at very high risk for the workers in KWMA. It as discovered that workers are subjected to Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) as a result of the postures adopted during the work process.
Assessment of the Moisture Effect on Gaseous Products of Self-heating of Wood Chips
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Perďochová, Michaela; Věžníková, Hana; Uhrová, Martina
Biofuels are stored in large quantities and may be susceptible to self-ignition. The possible methods of indication of temperature increase include the analysis of the gaseous products of heating where concentrations of certain gases may increase with increasing temperature. Gas release is also affected by the moisture of the material given that the moisture level changes surface accessibility for oxygen on the one side and serves as a catalyst of the oxidation reactions on the other. The present project analysed the effect of temperature and moisture on gaseous products of heating of wood chips, one of frequently used biofuels, with the aim to determine a suitable gaseous indicator of beginning self-ignition.
Development of a Water Spout for the Active Extinguishing of the Focus of an Intense Flame While Using the Cumulative Effect of an Explosive Charge
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Pupikova, Jana; Lichorobiec, Stanislav
The topic of the article is devoted to the experimental development of directional charges, which have a front part filled with water and are thus capable of forming a high velocity water jet, which has intense cooling effects and is accompanied by a shock wave created by the explosion of the charge. The water jet can then be used to extinguish the flame from an intense fire epicenter caused, for example, by a gas pipe failure, a tank with flammable liquid or an oil well. The text is accompanied with the visual design of the water spout prototype, including the experimental test of extinguishing the focus of an intense flame caused by various sources.
Biochar Modification, Thermal Stability and Toxicity of Products Modification
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Roupcová, Petra; Friedrichová, Romana; Klouda, Karel; Weisheitelová, Markéta; Perďochová, Michaela
Biochar is a product obtained from processing of waste biomass. The main application of biochar is in soil and environment remediation. Some new applications of this carbonaceous material take advantage of its adsorption capacity use it as a heterogeneous catalyst for energy storage and conversion etc. This contribution describes thermal stability of the original biochar. It discusses biochar modified by chemical and physical methods including a new compound of biochar-graphene oxide. The purpose of the modifications is to increase its active surface to introduce active functional groups into the carbon structure of biochar in relation to fire safety and toxicity of those products.
Comparative Analysis of Rules in Five Leading Standards for Smoke Detectors Siting in the Presence of a Ceiling Irregularity
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Blagojević, Milan; Jevtić, Radoje; Ristić, Dejan
Subdividing elements and different structures on the ceiling like beams or similar, significantly affect the location of the smoke detector, because they change the flow of combustion products. From point of view of fire detection system, designers it is very interesting how to arrange and distribute smoke detectors in applications when beams are formed structure like a “honeycomb” The European norm 54-14 is mandatory, but in practice, a main question appears: “Do we have the explanations detailed enough for all of the situations that could occur related to length, width and depth of honeycomb cells”? The main goal of this paper is to show the differences between the rules and the instructions in five standards: EN 54-14, VDE 0833-2, BS 5839-1, NPB 88, NFPA 72, and to find the best solution for various situations in practice.
Analysis of Data Collected at Control Room Full Scope Simulator at Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Kozlová, Kateřina; Barčová, Karla; Kubíček, Jan
This article describes a computer program that will be used by experts to analyze human factor reliability when analyzing data obtained during the training of operators on a nuclear power plant's control room simulator. The program was applied to data collected during the training of a scenario called Rupture of the Hot Loop of the Primary Circuit (250 t/h). Based on the comparison of charts, temporal passage through the scenario, or by personal participation in the training, analysts evaluate the successful passing of the practice scenario and propose final recommendations. The article also describes the criteria for successfully passing the practiced scenario and its final evaluation.
New Czech & Certified Methodology „Tools of Resilience“
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Novotný, Petr; Dobeš, Pavel; Danihelka, Pavel; Baudišová, Barbora; Nešporová, Veronika; Thorstensen, Erik; Toseroni, Fulvio
The article deals with possibilities of better governance regarding natural and anthropogenic risks and building of resilience of medium towns and cities against disasters. Such systematic approach could be applied for example using new Czech certified methodology “Tools Of Resilience”, which has been developed recently within the short project number no. VF20152016047 under the grant of Czech Ministry of the Interior in period 2015-2016 and afterwards certified in 2017 by Czech Ministry of the Environment. Basic starting points, used methods, steps of new methodology and its annexes, will be breafly described in the topic.
Stochastic Methods in Risk Analysis
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Osadská, Vladimíra
In this paper, we review basic stochastic methods which can be used to extend state-of-the-art deterministic analytical methods for risk analysis. We can conclude that the standard deterministic analytical methods highly depend on the practical experience and knowledge of the evaluator and therefore, the stochastic methods should be introduced. The new risk analysis methods should consider the uncertainties in input values. We present how large is the impact on the results of the analysis solving practical example of FMECA with uncertainties modelled using Monte Carlo sampling.
Use of a Laser Scanning System for Professional Preparation and Scene Assessment of Fire Rescue Units
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Marek, Zdeněk; Nejtková, Miroslava
The paper presents results of a study focused on usability of a 3D laser scanning system by fire rescue units during emergencies, respectively during preparations for inspection and tactical exercises. The first part of the study focuses on an applicability of a 3D scanner in relation to an accurate evaluation of a fire scene through digitization and creation of virtual walk-through of the fire scene. The second part deals with detailed documentation of access road to the place of intervention, including a simulation of the fire vehicle arrival.
Ecological Life Cycle Assessment Modified Novolaks Waste Used in Industrial Wastewater Treatment
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Bajdur, Wioletta M.; Henclik, Anna; Ščurek, Radomír; Sikorová, Kateřina
Ecological Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied in the assessment of the impact of products on the environment is a technique that allows for the evaluation of the environmental impact of polymeric flocculants used in industrial wastewater treatment. The possibility of conducting a full life cycle and thus manufacturing process analysis allows for reliable and accurate identification of the sources of environmental hazards and the impact of new products on the environment. Newly synthesized waste-based polymers are water soluble and possess the properties of flocculants, while reducing the parameters in industrial wastewater. In the paper, there are presented the results of the analysis conducted using LCA technique for the assessment of the impact of modified waste phenol formaldehyde resin (Novolak) on the environment. LCA technique was used to assess the impact of the new flocculant applied in the process of metallurgical wastewater treatment taking into account the environmental impact of the fl occulant manufacturing process.
Approach to Assessing the Preparedness of Hospitals to Power Outages
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Brehovská, Lenka; Nešporová, Veronika; Řehák, David
Within the secondary impacts of electricity blackouts, it is necessary to pay attention to facilities providing medical care for the population, namely the hospitals. Hospitals represent a key position in the provision of health care also in times of crisis. These facilities must provide constant care; it is therefore essential that the preparedness of such facilities is kept at a high level. The basic aim of this article is to analyse the preparedness of hospitals to power outages (power failures, blackouts) within a pilot study. On that basis, a SWOT analysis is used to determine strengths and weaknesses of the system of preparedness of hospitals to power outages and solutions for better security of hospitals are defined. The sample investigated consists of four hospitals founded by the Regional Authority (hospitals Nos. 1-4) and one hospital founded by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (hospital No. 5). The results of the study shows that most weaknesses of the preparedness of hospitals are represented by inadequately addressed reserves of fuel for the main backup power supply, poor knowledge of employees who are insufficiently retrained, and old backup power supplies (even 35 years in some cases).
Experimental Verification of the Mechanical Resistance of Forensic Marking by Means Synthetic DNA
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Ščurek, Radomír; Hütter, Marek; Los, Ondřej
This article deals with experimental verification of resistance of forensic identification marks (microdots in combination with artificial DNA) to property. It is considered mechanical abrasion from potential offender to remove or damage readability of marking and following identification. The aim of this work is to test the hypothesis that forensic marking can be completely removed by the process of mechanical abrasion without causing damages to a protected object. To fulfi ll this purpose it was designed and built a test equipment, where experiments were carried out to confirm or refute the above mentioned hypothesis.
Ergonomic Consideration of the Effect of Flour Dust on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate of Bakers in Abeokuta, Ogun State
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Musa, Adekunle Ibrahim; Orelaja, Oluseyi A.
Flour dusts are one of the most harmful chemicals in the bakery industries which could lead to serious heart and lung diseases. This study investigated the effect of flour dust on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate of male bakers in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria with the relationship to the anthropometrical parameters. A total of One hundred Eighty (180) male participants were investigated, where ninety (90) participants were bakers and ninety (90) individuals as control group. The Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and anthropometrical parameters of the participant were measured using mini-Wright peak flow meter (PFM 20, OMRON) and Detecto PD300MDHR (Cardinal Scale manufacturing company, USA) column scale with digital height rod was used to measure body mass [kg] and height (cm) respectively. The PEFR and anthropometrical parameters of the bakers and control groups were analysed using descriptive statistics and T-test with SPSS. The results showed that lower PEFR, 182.67 ± 16.34 L/min existed in bakers compared to 287.67 ± 17.02 L/min in the control study. The result also showed that a significant correlation exist between body mass, height and age (P < 0.01), PEFR, height (P < 0.05) and years of exposure (P < 0.01) of the bakers respectively. Furthermore, the results also showed that workers in the dusting and mixing of flour are at a risk of developing related pulmonary function impairment such as asthma. The study concluded that there is need to develop an effective intervention strategy, treatment seeking behaviour through awareness programs to prevent lung impairment diseases among the bakery workers.
Building Information Modeling as Tool for Enhancing Disaster Resilience of the Construction Industry
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Sertyesilisik, Begum
As frequencies of the disasters are increasing, new technologies can be used to enhance disaster resilience performance of the construction industry. This paper investigates the usage of BIM (Building Information Modeling) in enhancing disaster resilience of the construction industry and in the establishment of the resilient built environment. In-depth literature review findings reveal BIM’s contribution to the disaster resilience in the pre-disaster and post-disaster phases especially through influencing the performance of the supply chain, construction process, and rescue operations. This paper emphasises the need for BIM’s integration to the education and training curriculums of the built environment professionals. Policy makers, construction professionals, professional bodies, academics can benefit from this research.
Attenuation of Infrared Radiation When Passing Through a Water Curtain
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2017) Balner, Dalibor; Barčová, Karla; Dostál, Michal
This article focuses on the interaction of infrared (IR) radiation with water droplets. The main objective of the article is the production of water mist in order of evaluation the reduction in intensity of IR radiation. In the experiments described in this paper, a set of five different nozzles was used with various spray characteristics. The respective nozzles were gradually located between the IR radiation source and a detector and the attenuation of IR radiation was assessed. The reduction in IR radiation intensity was determined and IR radiation transmittance was calculated for the respective tested nozzles.

Browse

Recent Submissions