Řada bezpečnostní inženýrství. 2014, roč. 9 / Safety Engineering Series. 2014, vol. 9
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/111967
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Item type: Item , Testing a hatchback type passenger car fire(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Szajewska, AnnaThe paper presents comments on statistics, referring to passenger cars fi res in Poland. The emphasis is placed on arsons. Experiments on fi res started by the “Molotov cocktails” are presented. The paper includes description of a fi re test conducted on a hatchback car with a LPG system. The photographs include the burning gas outfl ow, witnessed after triggering the safety valves in LPG system. Hazards are pointed out, including those concerning the driver, passengers, rescuers and others. The hazards are connected with a leak of fuel or a gas stream and hazardous explosions of car parts. A description of temperature taken on the car body surface is provided. An infrared camera has been used.Item type: Item , Threat of chemical terrorism in the underground(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Schüllerová, Barbora; Mika, Otakar Jiří; Adamec, VladimírThe paper provides a brief description of the Prague Metro focusing on the potential chemical threats by chemical warfare agents. Detailed evaluation of the possibility of abuse of chemical warfare nerve agents is presented in different conditions in the Prague Metro system as simulated by a TEREX computer program. In conclusion, the results are evaluated by a SWOT analysis referring to many domestic scientifi c works dedicated to the protection of population against the effects of chemical terrorism.Item type: Item , Industrial safety - public demand and an answer of BAM the Federal German Institute for Materials Research and Testing(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Lexow, Jürgeninnovation and prosperity. BAM the Federal German Institute for Materials Research and Testing has its responsibility in further developing safety in technology and chemistry by research, testing and expert advice. The basic reasoning for this activity and examples of current work are provided. Particular attention is given to the unique BAM Test site Technical Safety. Acceptance of fi ndings and transfer of results are based on collaboration and exchange of personal. Modes of cooperation are described.Item type: Item , Participation of society in civil protection operations: review of a 10 years European experience(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Chamaret, Philippe; Řeháček, JakubThere are still defi ciencies and future possibilities for improvement in the civil protection operations. There is also other side to the incident command system. In recent years it is more and more clear that an participatory and inclusive approaches are needed to the effi ciencing of the current system to ensure acceptable level of safety. It is all the more important if the approach from institutional responsibility is beeing put in contrast to the individual responsibility. This article aims to review current approaches and trends in the participatory fi eld in the civil protection operations. It focus mainly on the possibilities and implications of volunteer work within this framework. Volunteers has different status and possibilities to participate and thus enhance their role in the civil society in the different countries in the EU. Their role differes in two states. One is their solely presence for technical activities and help and second is their participation in decisionmaking, defi ning a political action. This is a matter for further investigation and also for improvemenet.Item type: Item , Trends in critical infrastructure protection in Germany(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Eismann, ChristineCritical Infrastructures failures cause harmful consequences to the population, because they disrupt the supply of necessary goods and services. The failures pose an indirect threat, as they will regularly be triggered by natural hazards, technical failure/human error or intentional acts. In the risk analyses on the national level in Germany, Critical Infrastructure failures are qualitatively described to estimate their impacts on society. Critical Infrastructure Protection is seen as a joint task of many different stakeholders. Rules and regulations with different degrees of compulsion build the framework for their cooperation, and a strategy is in place that promotes the trustful exchange of information among all the relevant stakeholders. The most important stakeholder groups are public authorities, infrastructure operators, and the population. An example is given on how a joint risk management of public authorities and infrastructure operators may be performed, and the cooperation of public authorities and the population is discussed. As Civil Protection covers the entire risk and crisis management cycle with its phases prevention, preparedness, response and recovery, the article ends with examples of the support, which the German Federal Offi ce of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance and the Federal Ministry of the Interior offer for other stakeholders in order to achieve well-protected infrastructures and, in consequence, well-protected citizens.Item type: Item , Major accident prevention risk communication effectiveness: a survey in the Czech Republic(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Řeháček, Jakub; Dlabka, Jakub; Baudišová, Barbora; Danihelka, PavelAn effective communication among authorities, citizens and industry is crucial to ensure good awareness of risk and knowledge of adequate reactions in preparedness to major industrial accidents. The present risk communication system in Czech Republic was evaluated by a nationwide survey. The main research was focused on the level of knowledge about risks and appropriate reactions to an accident and on the attitudes towards existing risk communication system. The results of survey indicate that the current system is insuffi cient and has to be improved to fulfi ll the requirements of the new Seveso III directive (2012/18/EU) and to secure safety of the citizensItem type: Item , Study on flow characteristics of in-line foam concentrate inducers used in fire protection area(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Drzymała, Tomasz; Gałaj, Jerzy; Binio, JoannaResearch on fl ow characteristics of selected in-line foam concentrate inducers used currently in fi re protection and its comparison with standard requirements are discussed in the paper. On the basis of the studies carried out either theoretical or real characteristics of tested devices are presented. A comparative analysis of the tested ejectors and the fi nal conclusions are included at the end of the paper.Item type: Item , Integrated risk management in industries from the standpoint of safety and security(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Bischoff, Hans-Jürgen; Sinay, Juraj, 1949-; Vargová, SlavomíraManufacturing plants as well as robotic cells within their structures are complex systems, whose safety requires implementation of a wide ranging set of activities. These activities are mainly focused on risk minimization, with the aim of achieving acceptable levels of risk by means of appropriate measures. The human being, as a constituent of the man-machine-environment system, is in the centre of their attention. At the organizational level, risk management has to be integrated with strategic planning and managerial processes in the organization. This includes, inter alia, the need to effectively monitor and review the risk management processes. Comprehensive approach within the risk management process is based on interconnecting safety and security-related processes in the form of a generic approach.Item type: Item , Explosivity of powdered paints in lacquering cabins(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Veličková, Eva; Perďochová, Michaela; Foldynová, VeronikaDanger of explosion exists in process of lacquering in which powdered paint is present. This danger is especially probable when powdered paint occurs in roiling state in the presence of an oxidant (mostly in the form of air). If there is suffi cient energy source, conditions for initiation are created. Safety must be ensured on the workplace with danger of explosion. This safety must be in compliance with the requirements of the legislation approved in the European Union and their implementation in the laws of Czech Republic.Item type: Item , The treat of using of explosives during mass cultural and social events(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Jangl, Štefan; Figuli, Lucia; Ligasová, ZuzanaThe paper deals with the possibility of the population treat during cultural and social events. There is a great availability of resources and processes for the production of explosives. The paper is focused on the using of explosives, the blast wave arising in the explosion and its impact on the environment. In the fi nal part there is described the effects of the explosion on the human body.Item type: Item , Modeling the interaction of nanoparticles with biomembranes: a review(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Hlaváč, DominikNowadays, with a growing number of produced nanoparticles, the question related to human and environmental safety arises. Because of their small dimensions, nanoparticles may overcome biological membranes more easily. The detailed pathway is still not understood well and, therefore, toxic potential of many nanoparticles remains unclear. Although several experimental techniques are able to capture changes in biomembranes, many effects may be effectively studied only using computational modeling. Therefore, in the fi rst part of this article, basic experimental and simulation methods often used in the study of nanoparticle-biomembrane interaction will be shortly introduced, and, in the following part, the most recent relevant modeling studies published since 2008 will be reviewed with an emphasis on key factors playing role in nanoparticle-biomembrane interaction.Item type: Item , Methodology and problems of seismic hazard assessment in regions with low seismic activity(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Demjančuková, KateřinaDespite the fact that the intensity of earthquakes observed in Czech Republic is usually considered as low, all the critical facilities as chemical industrial objects, nuclear power plants, large dams, bridges etc. have to meet the safety requirements and standards for external hazards including earthquakes. Seismic hazard assessment is a site specifi c process in which the so called diffuse seismicity has to be included in addition to region, near region, site vicinity and site area evaluation. In the paper, methodology and important steps of seismic hazard assessment are presented according to International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) standards with an example of application for the case of nuclear power plant.Item type: Item , The dependence of selected technical and combustion characteristics of fire on moisture levels in alternative fuels(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Kulich, MartinThe subject of this paper is to analyse the infl uence of moisture on selected technical and combustion characteristics of alternative fuels. The analyses are conducted on the basis of analyses of samples of alternative fuels simulating states of the fuel in expected operating conditions, focusing on the identifi cation of potential operational risks. The fi nal part consists of a set of recommended measures to ensure the operational safety of the practical use of alternative fuels based on the results of the analysis.Item type: Item , Temperature field evolution in wood samples during the flame spread experiments(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Hasalová, Lucie; Vaněk, Petr; Jahoda, MilanVertical, horizontal and 45° upward fl ame spread experiments over the small scale beech and pine wood samples were performed. Wood samples were of two geometries - square cross section prisms (15 x 15 mm) and a thin rectangular cross section prisms (5 x 40 mm) - and of three different lengths - 10, 15 and 30 cm. Samples were ignited by a heptane source fi re extinguished immediately when the wood samples ignited. During the fl ame spread an internal temperature profi les along the centreline of the samples were measured by a set of thermocouples. Flame spread was observed in all sample positions except the horizontal orientation of the beech and pine square prism samples. Experimental data will serve for a validation of the pyrolysis models in the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) fl ame spread modelsItem type: Item , Quantifying the combustion behavior of polymers by the combustion efficiency with regard to the weighting of fire loads(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Hahn, Sarah-Katharina; Rost, Michael; Krause, UlrichFor assessing fi re loads in industrial buildings it is essential to quantify the burning behavior of materials as accurate as adequate. There for the combustion effi ciency is used. To determine the combustion effi ciency required energies and energy rates can be measured via Cone Calorimeter. Exemplifi ed by two polymers, polyethylene and polymethylmethacrylate, these parameters are determined and analyzed with regard to the calculation of the combustion effi ciency.Item type: Item , Some approach to upper layer cooling process with spray stream generated by water nozzle using computer simulation method(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2014) Gałaj, Jerzy; Żurawski, ŁukaszComputer model of upper layer cooling applying spray streams generated by water nozzle was presented in the paper. Assumptions, mathematical model and input data were given. Simulation process for assumed fi re scenario and different droplet diameters was described. Results of the simulation and their analysis were presented. General conclusions and fi nal remarks were included at the end of this work.