Články z časopisů s impakt faktorem / Articles from Impact Factor Journals

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/96217

Kolekce obsahuje články z časopisů (od roku 2008 do současnosti), které v době vydání článku měly impakt faktor (podle databáze InCites Journal Citation Reports společnosti Clarivate Analytics).

Přehled publikační činnosti ze všech časopisů indexovaných v době vydání článků ve Web of Science poskytuje kolekce Publikační činnost VŠB-TUO.

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 6835 results

Upcycling waste fabric material into high-performance supercapacitor devices
(American Chemical Society, 2026) Shinde, Nanasaheb M.; Pumera, Martin
Waste fashion fabric cloth materials, including such household items as wet wipes, diapers, masks, disposable gloves, discarded bedsheets, washing cloths, pillow covers, etc., pose an important environmental problem as they are generally nonrecyclable and ultimately accumulate in landfills, liberating poisonous byproducts into the environment. With growing energy concerns, cost-effective, lightweight, and durable energy storage devices are needed to provide a continuous and reliable energy supply. Herein, we develop supercapacitor electrodes using waste fashion fabric material. This includes a straightforward process that utilizes both negative and positive electrodes, i.e., bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and cobalt metal-organic frameworks (Co-MOFs), spread over fabric cloths using a room temperature synthesis method. Here, we propose a highly extendable "power bank" pouch-type nanoarchitectonics principle guided supercapacitor device, Co-MOF//Bi2O3, which offers excellent electrochemical energy storage for portable electronics devices. This work presents a simple and room-temperature synthetic strategy for transforming waste fashion fabric cloth into excellent supercapacitor electrodes for a real-world prototype supercapacitor device. Therefore, this study provides an environmentally friendly, economically viable, and high-performance waste fashion fabric cloth supercapacitor electrode material for powering portable electronic devices.
The impact of remote work on employee engagement: a case study of public sector employees in the Czech Republic
(Springer Nature, 2026) Poláková, Gabriela; Mokrá, Kateřina; Horváthová, Petra
During the covid-19 pandemic, many civil servants in the Czech Republic engaged in remote work. Detailed information regarding the influence of remote work on engagement is restricted. The main goal is to determine levels of work engagement among civil servants and compare this before the pandemic and now (May 2022). Engagement and factors associated with remote work and changes in organizational culture were examined among 984 civil servants. Data were collected using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 questionnaire. The Pearson correlation revealed the magnitude and direction of the relationship between the pre-pandemic engagement and current engagement. The paired t-test verified if engagement increased in the covid-19 pandemic. The independent t-test verified if engagement differs significantly between women and men. The one-way ANOVA was used to reveal if remote work reduces engagement significantly and checked engagement between respondents in different age categories. The findings indicate that remote work holds significance and the challenging time of the covid-19 pandemic does not necessarily mean a drop in employee engagement. The practical suggestion derived from this study for employers in the civil service sector in the Czech Republic, in the event of a similar future situation, is to adopt a hybrid model that preserves employee engagement without compromising it.
Bridging tradition and innovation: generational dynamics in family business succession
(Springer Nature, 2026) Subhani, Muhammad Kamal; Mikušová, Marie; Nierostek, Lech
This study explores intergenerational challenges in family businesses, focusing on differences between Generation X and Generation Y regarding socioemotional wealth, innovation, social media, technology adoption, and succession planning. The research aims to identify generational differences in perceptions and behaviors that affect family legacy preservation and succession processes. A qualitative design was used, combining literature review with 18 semi-structured interviews of GenX and GenY owners of small and medium-sized family firms. Thematic and cluster analyses were applied to identify patterns across generations. Findings reveal a clear generational divide. These tensions impact on maintaining the family legacy. The results show that even for companies that have already experienced the changeover at least twice, there remains a generational gap in the approach to modernization. It can be argued that the approach to change exhibited by the next generation is not different from that of previous generations. Insights can guide family firms in balancing tradition with innovation through intergenerational dialogue, structured succession planning, and embracing technology.
Enhancing the mechanical performance of laser powder bed fusion prepared 316L stainless steel by deformation post-processing at ambient temperature
(MDPI, 2026) Kocich, Radim; Kunčická, Lenka
Preparation of metallic materials via laser powder bed fusion has gained high popularity primarily due to the versatility of the processed materials and the complexity of the available component geometries. However, the prepared components feature characteristic shortcomings. Among the ways to successfully reduce/eliminate printing issues and homogenize the properties within additively prepared materials is optimized post-processing. In this study, we present the positive effects of deformation post-processing at ambient (room) temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AISI 316L stainless steel prepared by laser powder bed fusion. The post-processing was performed by the industrially applicable method of rotary swaging, for which varying swaging degrees were applied. The selected swaging degree influenced primarily the interactions between the dynamic strengthening and softening processes and consequently the strength/plasticity ratio, although all the applied swaging degrees successfully eliminated the residual porosity and imparted (sub)structure development and grain refinement. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for the original workpiece was 282 MPa, and it increased up to more than 1400 MPa after the final swaging while maintaining favorable plasticity (elongation to failure over 30%). The study thus proposes a way to successfully enhance the performance of additively manufactured AISI 316L steel with the use of a commercially applicable plastic deformation technology.
Reverse auction as purchasing tool: Literature review and research agenda
(University of Warsaw, 2025) Urminský, Jaroslav; Zajarošová, Markéta
Purpose: The study aims to organize and analyse the fragmented knowledge base on reverse auctions that has emerged across multiple disciplines due to global digitization. It seeks to identify key research themes, methodologies, and trends in both private and public sector applications. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was conducted covering two decades of research indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Hundreds of articles addressing diverse aspects of reverse auctions were examined and categorized through network and content analysis to uncover thematic clusters and methodological tendencies. Findings: The analysis indicates a growing academic interest in reverse auctions within three main research areas: Computer Science, Engineering, and Business/Economics. In business-oriented studies, analytical, mathematical, theoretical, and conceptual methods dominate, often employing experiments, simulations, and comparative analyses. Four major thematic clusters were identified: Sustainability context, Decision-making support tools, Multi-attribute reverse auction design, and Insiders' view. Additionally, five promising directions for future research were proposed. Research limitations/implications: The study is limited to literature indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases and focuses primarily on English-language publications. Future research may broaden this scope by including regional or non-English studies and expanding to emerging digital auction platforms. Practical implications: The findings provide guidance for practitioners and policymakers interested in optimizing reverse auction design, integrating sustainability criteria, and improving decision-support mechanisms in procurement and supply chain management. Originality/value: This paper offers the comprehensive, multidisciplinary mapping of reverse auction research over two decades. By synthesizing diverse academic perspectives and identifying key themes, it provides a structured foundation for advancing both theoretical and practical understanding of reverse auctions.
Elucidating the electrocatalytic activities of Pr-doped PtTiP nanocomposites for hydrogen evolution and methanol oxidation reactions
(Wiley, 2026) Basumatary, Padmini; Choi, Ji Hyeok; Sk, Mukkadar; Venkateswarlu, Sada; Misra, Biswajit; Thapa, Ranjit; Choi, Sun Hee; Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.; Zbořil, Radek; Konwar, Dimpul; Yoon, Young Soo
Developing bifunctional electrocatalysts that combine high catalytic activity with long-term stability remains a major challenge in electrochemical energy conversions. Efficient hydrogen production via water splitting and methanol oxidation in direct methanol fuel cells are pivotal to realizing sustainable energy systems. However, few catalysts exhibit outstanding performance in both reactions. In this regard, we develop a praseodymium-doped platinum-titanium phosphide catalyst on modified nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PrPtTiP/N-MWCNT). Under acidic conditions (0.3 m H2SO4), PrPtTiP/N-MWCNT exhibits ultralow overpotentials of 8.2 and 12.2 mV at 10 and 100 mA cm- 2, respectively, which are substantially lower than those of PtP/N-MWCNT and commercial Pt/C. The developed catalyst maintains high activity at elevated current densities of up to 150 mA cm- 2 with minimal performance degradation. For methanol oxidation, PrPtTiP/N-MWCNT delivers a mass activity of 5.83 A mg-1 Pt, i.e., 3.3- and 8.3-fold enhancements over PtP/N-MWCNT and Pt/C, respectively. Comprehensive electrochemical, structural, and computational analyses confirm the excellent durability of the catalyst over 10,000 potential cycles and during prolonged chronoamperometric operation. Collectively, these results position PrPtTiP/N-MWCNT as a robust and highly active bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution and methanol oxidation in acidic environments.
Synergistic light-thermal-mass engineering of metal-coordinated covalent organic framework membranes for water purification
(Wiley, 2026) Sheng, Kai; Xiao, Zijie; Meng, Jiakun; Tian, Miaomiao; Cao, Xueli; Hou, Jingwei; Sun, Shi-Peng; Zhang, Yatao; Zhu, Junyong; Van der Bruggen, Bart
Membrane-based photothermal evaporation and separation offer a sustainable solution for both clean water access and environmental remediation. Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes are highly attractive due to their ordered porosity and chemical tunability, yet efficient light-to-heat-to-mass conversion at the interface remains challenging. Here we present a synergistic light-thermal-mass engineering strategy to overcome this limitation by utilizing cation-coordinated COF membranes. Through interfacial polymerization, we synthesized a photothermal COF with abundant nitrogen and oxygen chelating sites, followed by coordination with various divalent cations. Experimental and simulation results reveal that atomic dispersion of Co centers within a COF layer facilitates steeper interfacial gradients under one-sun irradiation, driving intensified buoyant convection to enhance mass transport and evaporation. The representative cobalt-COF (Co-COF) membrane achieves an extraordinary 99.996% ion removal, which meets stringent WHO standards. Complementary frontier molecular orbital analysis indicates substantial shifts in the HOMO and LUMO energy levels, resulting in a pronounced near-infrared redshift of the optical absorption edge. This substantially increases the photon budget for highly efficient photothermal and photocatalytic processes, conferring a high removal efficiency of volatile organic contaminants. This work underscores how precise metal ion coordination within COF structures significantly boosts both photothermal and photocatalytic efficiencies for sustainable water treatment.
Time-domain geoelectrical modeling and experimental validation of Ground Potential Rise in multilayer soil structures during fault events
(Wiley, 2026) Mbasso, Wulfran Fendzi; Harrison, Ambe; Dagal, Idriss; Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally; Tsobze, Kenfack Saatong; Jangir, Pradeep; Shaikh, Muhammad Suhail; Smerat, Aseel
Accurate characterization of subsurface electrical behavior during high-energy fault events is critical for both geotechnical safety assessment and the protection of power infrastructure. This study presents a geophysically driven, time-domain modeling framework for Ground Potential Rise (GPR) in multilayer and anisotropic soils, integrating electromagnetic field theory with physics-informed arc resistance modeling. The methodology employs apparent resistivity profiling and soil impedance mapping, enabling high-resolution simulation of current density and voltage gradients under realistic subsurface conditions. A coupled numerical-experimental approach is implemented: finite-element simulations incorporating layered earth resistivity are calibrated against controlled fault injection tests using scaled grounding grids in stratified soil. The model achieves an average deviation of less than 4.7% from measured GPR and step/touch voltages, demonstrating strong predictive reliability. Results reveal that conventional steady-state and homogeneous soil assumptions can underestimate hazardous step voltages by up to 63% and misrepresent the spatial extent of GPR zones by more than a factor of two. Comparative analyses show that optimized grounding grids reduce surface current densities by over 90% compared to isolated systems, significantly enhancing compliance with safety thresholds. Beyond its immediate application to substation and renewable energy grounding, the framework offers a transferable geoelectrical tool for infrastructure risk mapping, lightning hazard assessment, and geotechnical site evaluations in complex soil environments.
Enhanced PID controller tuning for nonlinear continuous stirred-tank heaters using a modified Newton-Raphson optimizer with random opposition and Lévy-flight learning
(Springer Nature, 2025) Rizk-Allah, Rizk M.; Ekinci, Serdar; Jabari, Mostafa; Izci, Davut; Bajaj, Mohit; Blažek, Vojtěch; Rubanenko, Olena
Accurate temperature regulation in continuous stirred-tank heater (CSTH) systems is vital in chemical and thermal process industries, where deviations can cause energy inefficiencies, product quality degradation, or even safety hazards. However, CSTH systems pose a formidable control challenge due to inherent nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, and susceptibility to external disturbances. Conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) tuning methods often struggle to handle these complexities, resulting in sluggish responses or instability. This study introduces a modified Newton-Raphson-based optimization (mNRBO), for optimal PID tuning tailored to nonlinear CSTH environments. The mNRBO framework integrates two key innovations: random opposition learning, to enhance population diversity and prevent premature convergence, and L & eacute;vy-flight-based guided learning, to improve global exploration and escape local optima. These mechanisms are systematically embedded into the Newton-Raphson-based optimizer (NRBO) to achieve a robust exploration-exploitation balance. A CSTH dynamic model is formulated using mass and energy conservation principles, and a multi-objective cost function evaluates rise time, settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error under realistic process constraints. Simulation studies compare mNRBO with NRBO, hippopotamus optimization, golden eagle optimizer, and slime mould algorithm. Results show that mNRBO achieves the lowest cost function value 53.29, smooth convergence with standard deviation 0.90, and superior closed-loop performance with rise time 62.05 s, settling time 206.88 s, overshoot 1.41%, and steady-state error 0.006%. These findings confirm that mNRBO delivers high-precision, disturbance-resilient control and is a promising solution for industrial thermal processes requiring reliability, efficiency, and precision.
Design and development of a flexural spindle mechanism enabled in micro drilling machine tool within a PLM environment
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2026) Shinde, Sachin Manohar; Solanke, Sachin; Diwan, Mohit; Bhole, Kiran S.; Salunkhe, Sachin; Čep, Robert; Nasr, Emad Abouel
The advent of designing flexural systems was to provide accurate micro and nano displacement between the assembly members of the mechanism. Applications that used these mechanisms included linear compressors, optomechanical devices, Stirling engines, cryocoolers, microcheck valves, Flexure-based Electromagnetic Linear actuators, and so on. This paper focuses on the machine-tool fabrication of a novel flexural mechanism encased within the spindle head of the microdrilling head. The mechanism cushioned the micro drill and protected it from permanent damage when encountering undeclared resistance in the material matrix. Furthermore, this paper focuses solely on building a 3-axis drilling machine tool in a Product Lifecycle Management environment. The study follows a systematized approach for validating the machine tool design, starting with the hierarchical assembly of components using various kinematic chains. The next phase involves assigning the necessary motions to these components. The final stage utilizes a virtual controller and post-processor to simulate and control machine tool movements. Validation is then performed on the simulated workpiece to ensure design accuracy and functionality. The key findings of the studies indicate that the designed mechanism can move in and out and can also puncture micro-holes in metal. This is the mechanism's capability, which is the novelty.
Peroneal electric transcutaneous neuromodulation versus solifenacin in the treatment of the overactive bladder wet
(Polish Urological Association, 2025) Krhut, Jan; Rejchrt, Michal; Slovák, Martin; Peter, Lukáš; Zvara, Peter
Introduction Peroneal electrical Transcutaneous NeuroModulation (peroneal eTNM (R)) is a non-invasive treatment for overactive bladder (OAB). In the previous randomized study in female patients with OAB, both dry and wet, peroneal eTNM (R) demonstrated significantly better safety and comparable efficacy to solifenacin. This subgroup analysis aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of peroneal eTNM (R) versus solifenacin in OAB wet population. Material and methods In the primary study, eligible subjects were randomized in a 2 : 1 ratio to receive either 12 weeks of daily peroneal eTNM (R) for 30 minutes or solifenacin 5 mg daily. This subgroup analysis included participants who presented with at least one incontinence episode at baseline and completed the study according to protocol. The primary endpoint was safety, secondary endpoint was proportion of continent subjects after treatment. Additional efficacy assessments included change in bladder diary variables, OAB V8 score, and quality of life (QoL). Results In the peroneal eTNM (R) group (n = 26), three treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were recorded, while nine TRAEs occured in the solifenacin group (n = 16). The proportion of patients who achieved continence after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment was 50%, 62%, and 65% in the peroneal eTNM (R) and 56%, 50%, and 56% in the solifenacin group, respectively. Both treatments led to significant and similar improvements in all bladder diary variables, OAB V8 score, and QoL. Conclusions The results of this secondary analysis confirm that peroneal eTNM (R) has significantly better safety profile and comparable efficacy versus solifenacin in the subgroup of incontinent OAB patients.
A novel analytical methodology for estimating high-frequency lumped model inductances and series capacitance of transformer winding: an indirect measurement procedure
(Elsevier, 2026) Chaouche, Moustafa Sahnoune; Didi, Faouzi; Amara, Abderrazak; Houassine, Hamza; Yousof, Mohd Fairouz Mohd; Tazay, Ahmad F.; Flah, Aymen; Metwaly, Mohamed K.; Ghaly, Ramy N. R., Ramy N. R.; Ghoneim, Sherif S. M.
In this article, a new analytical method is introduced to effectively estimate the self-inductance, mutual inductances, and series capacitance of transformer windings. The approach uses FR data collected at the winding terminals with the neutral open test. It applies an analytical formula that converts the sum of the inverse squares of both short-circuit and open-circuit natural frequencies, derived from the FR curve, into a polynomial function. These formulas are based on a lumped, mutually coupled equivalent model of the winding, with relationships expressed as a polynomial function connected by a factor relating the inductances, generalized to an N-1 degree for the N-th section of the model. By solving this polynomial, all winding inductance values can be accurately estimated, enabling the determination of the series capacitance. Notably, this method relies solely on measurements of the FR curve, ground capacitance, and equivalent inductance, providing an indirect yet highly efficient way to determine all parameters of the lumped mutually coupled equivalent model. This technique has been rigorously validated through experimental frequency response measurements on two air-core insulated windings, producing remarkably precise results that demonstrate its effectiveness in the field of frequency modeling.
Nanomaterial-based inkjet printing for electrochemical sensing
(Wiley, 2026) Panáček, David; Urban, Massimo; Silvestri, Alessandro; Dědek, Ivan; Nalepa, Martin-Alex; Merkoçi, Arben; Prato, Maurizio; Otyepka, Michal
Inkjet printing (IJP) has emerged as a transformative technology for printed and flexible electronics, redefining electrode engineering for (bio)chemical sensing. It enables maskless, picoliter-scale, additive deposition with high spatial precision, uniformity, and material efficiency. We provide a comprehensive overview of IJP as both a fabrication and post-fabrication functionalization platform for electrochemical working electrodes and fully printed devices. We integrate advances in ink formulation, jetting behavior, and substrate interactions with performance metrics such as layer thickness, roughness, electrochemical surface area, sensitivity, detection limit, and reproducibility. Comparative analyses with drop-casting and screen-printing highlight IJP's advantages in reproducibility, scalability, and material economy. Particular emphasis is placed on nanomaterial- and bioink-based systems, including carbon nanomaterials, MXenes, and hybrid inks, where controlled deposition governs electrode functionality. We also discuss emerging opportunities in hybrid architectures, reactive printing, and sustainable approaches using biodegradable substrates and water-based inks. Finally, we outline a roadmap toward automated, digitally controlled, and environmentally responsible manufacturing of customizable sensors for wearable, biomedical, food, and environmental applications. Collectively, these developments position inkjet printing as an enabling framework for the next generation of intelligent, reproducible, and sustainable sensing technologies.
Experimental examination of thermohydraulic characteristics of a new vibrating rubber tube turbulator with multiple air bubble outlets inserted inside a double-pipe heat exchanger
(Elsevier, 2026) Afridi, Muhammad Idrees; Pourahmad, Saman; Maleki, Nemat Mashoofi; Tavousi, Ebrahim; Rahbari, Alireza; Adibi, Tohid; Sharifpur, Mohsen
This experimental study explores a new method for improving heat transfer in heat exchangers by utilizing bubble injection alongside electromagnetic vibration techniques. Instead of conventional bubble injection, a vibrating rubber tube with multiple air outlets is employed to introduce bubbles into the working fluid. This configuration ensures uniform bubble distribution along both axial and radial directions, while the rubber tube's continuous vibration disrupts the thermal boundary layer, promoting turbulence and further enhancing heat transfer. The effects of various parameters are investigated, including Reynolds numbers spanning from 1050 to 7370, bubble injection flow rates between 0.5 and 2 l/min, rubber tube diameters of 3-5 mm, and air outlet numbers ranging from 30 to 90. Results show that increasing the bubble flow rate and tube diameter enhances both heat transfer and the friction coefficient. In contrast, increasing the number of air outlets improves heat transfer while reducing the friction coefficient. A maximum TEF of 4.42 is achieved at a bubble flow rate of 1.5 l/ min, a tube diameter of 5 mm, and 90 air outlets. Under these conditions, the Nusselt number and friction coefficient are up to 10.43 and 13.1 times higher, respectively, compared to those of a plain tube.
Strain-induced enhancement of spin pumping in Pt/YIG bilayers
(IOP Publishing, 2026) Solis, Lara M.; Carreira, Santiago J.; Gómez, Javier; Butera, Alejandro; Abellán, Maria; García, Carlos; Bonetto, Fernando; Vavassori, Paolo; Briático, Javier; Steren, Laura B.; Aguirre, Myriam H.
Enhancing spin-to-charge (S -> C) conversion efficiency remains a key challenge in spintronic materials research. In this work we investigate the effect of substrate-induced strains onto the S -> C efficiency. On one hand, we analyze strains-induced magnetic anisotropies in yttrium iron garnet (Y3Fe5O12, YIG) by comparing the magnetic and structural properties of YIG films grown on Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) and (CaGd)3(MgZrGa)5O12 (SGGG) substrates. Differences in lattice mismatch-YIG//GGG ( eta=-0.06%) and YIG//SGGG ( eta=-0.83%)-lead to out-of-plane tensile strains in the first case and unexpected compressive strain in the latter. On the other hand, we study the spin injection efficiency on Pt/YIG bilayers evaluated by the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE). We find that the resulting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in YIG//SGGG, while not dominant over shape anisotropy, correlates with enhanced ISHE signals as observed in spin pumping ferromagnetic resonance and spin Seebeck effect experiments. Strain engineering proves effective in enhancing S -> C conversion, providing insight into the design of efficient spintronic devices.
Comprehensive experimental performance investigation of conducted electromagnetic interference in split-phase induction motors: Common-mode
(Sage Publications, 2026) Miloudi, Mohamed; Miloudi, Houcine; Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi; Elzein, I. M.; Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally; Mbasso, Wulfran Fendzi; Hussein, Hany S.; Ewais, Ahmed M.
Motors in Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD) systems are the major sources of conducted Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), and they are mainly the Common-Mode (CM) currents and voltages. Compliance with Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standards is of utmost importance when maintaining system reliability in the face of ever-stricter Electromagnetic Compatibility standards in the industrial sectors. This work presents the first systematic experimental evaluation of CM impedance in Split Phase Induction Motors (SPIMs) in a wide frequency range (100 Hz to 100 MHz). Unlike prior studies that were limited to either a differential-mode analysis or limited frequencies in the experiment, the study provides comprehensive CM impedance data of two different SPIM setups, explaining resonance and anti-resonance behaviors that have direct implications on EMC performance. It is experimentally proven that high impedance designed motors significantly reduce CM current transfer, thus reducing EMI emissions and enhance EMC compliance. Particularly, the impedance peak of SPIM (I) was 8k at 100 MHz that translated to a 45% decrease in CM current and -15 dB attenuation of conducted EMI compared to SPIM (II). The resonance and anti-resonance frequencies determined the influence of motor architecture on its susceptibility to EMI. As a result, the findings provide prescriptive design information to the optimization of SPIMs in applications, for example, industrial automation and electric vehicle platforms, where very high EMI mitigation levels are of crucial importance.
Schrodinger optimizer: A quantum duality-driven metaheuristic for stochastic optimization and engineering challenges
(Elsevier, 2025) Hussein, Nazar K.; Qaraad, Mohammed; El Najjar, Abdelwahab M.; Farag, M. A.; Elhosseini, Mostafa A.; Mirjalili, Seyedali; Guinovart, David
This paper introduces the Schrodinger Optimizer (SRA), a new metaheuristic algorithm motivated by principles of quantum mechanics, specifically Schrodinger's equation and wave-particle duality. SRA possesses a twin update mechanism that balances probabilistic exploration and deterministic exploitation, facilitating effective navigation in high-dimensional, intricate search spaces. The algorithm was extensively tested on benchmark suites such as CEC 2019 (low-dimensional), CEC 2017 (50D and 100D), CEC 2022 (20D), and eight real-world engineering design optimization problems. Comparison tests with state-of-the-art physics-inspired and advanced metaheuristic algorithms revealed SRA's superior performance. In the 100D CEC 2017 benchmark, SRA ranked the best average rank (1.87) among the physics-based algorithms and performed better than its rivals on 20 of the 29 functions. It also performed best (2.92) among emerging metaheuristic variants. Statistical tests (Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank) confirmed the significance of these results. In engineering applications, SRA consistently obtained better solutions with fewer computations. These findings accentuate SRA's potential in solving complex optimization problems efficiently. This study opens up new possibilities for powerful and versatile optimization methods through the integration of quantum-inspired concepts into the metaheuristic paradigm. The source code is available at https://github.com/MohammedQaraad/SRA/blob/main/SRA_framework.ipynb
Exploring the hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of Thalictrum foliolosum and Cordia dichotoma for targeting acute liver injury
(Elsevier, 2026) Raghuvanshi, Disha; Raghuvanshi, Komal; Kumar, Sunil; Thakur, Mehak; Kumar, Deepak; Khan, Azhar; Kumar, Dinesh; Verma, Rachna; Farshori, Nida N.; Al-Sheddi, Ebtesam S.; Al-Oqail, Mai M.; Malik, Tabarak
Liver diseases remain a significant global health burden despite advancements in hepatology. Plant-based therapies offer promising hepatoprotective potential, highlighting the need to evaluate medicinal plants with therapeutic activity. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the methanolic extracts of the root and leaves of Thalictrum foliolosum and the leaves of Cordia dichotoma for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and hepatoprotective effects. Antimicrobial analysis revealed that T. foliolosum leaves extract showed maximum inhibition against E. coli (19.0 f 1.0 mm) and the root extract against S. typhi (22.0 f 1.0 mm), while C. dichotoma leaves extract against Bacillus sp. (17.3 f 1.5 mm). Anti-inflammatory analysis showed that at 300 mu g/mL, C. dichotoma leaves exhibited 48.10 f 0.34 % inhibition, while T. foliolosum root and leaves extracts showed 46.35 f 0.90 % and 44.77 f 1.49 % inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, both extracts exhibited dosedependent cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells, with T. foliolosum root and C. dichotoma leaf extracts showing CTC50 values of 110.7 and 250.7 mu g/mL, respectively. In-vivo studies showed that both the extracts significantly restored liver biomarkers in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. T. foliolosum roots extract (200 mg/kg) reduced total bilirubin to 0.33 f 0.06 mg%, conjugated bilirubin to 0.05 f 0.02 mg%, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) to 120.50 f 12.02 IU/L, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) to 52.00 f 16.97 IU/L, and alkaline phosphate (ALP) to 205.50 f 27.58 IU/L, while restoring total protein (5.70 f 0.14 g%) and albumin (3.30 f 0.14 g%). Similarly, C. dichotoma leaves extract (200 mg/kg) lowered total bilirubin to 0.34 f 0.03 mg%, conjugated bilirubin to 0.06 f 0.03 mg%, SGOT to 122.00 f 2.83 IU/L, SGPT to 44.50 f 3.54 IU/L, and ALP to 185.00 f 29.70 IU/L, with improved total protein (5.60 f 0.57 g%) and albumin (3.30 f 0.14 g%). Molecular docking further supported the bioactivity of the extracts. Senecionine showed good affinity for the antibacterial target 4KR4 (-7.6 kcal/mol), while rutin exhibited the strongest binding to the antiinflammatory (5IKR, -8.5 kcal/mol) and hepatoprotective (3SU4, -7.7 kcal/mol) targets. Overall, these findings revealed that C. dichotoma leaf extract exhibits stronger hepatoprotective activity than T. foliolosum root extract, supporting its further investigation in future studies.
Frozen slab method mediated sulfur-affinitive single-atom catalysts for efficient reversible sodium storage
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026) Cui, Kai; Qi, Zijia; Legut, Dominik; Zhao, Wanxiang; Chen, Biao; Wu, Ningning; Zhang, Qiuyu; Wang, Tianshuai
Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (C-SAMs) have recently emerged as a frontier strategy to address the issue of irreversible reactions in MoS2-based sodium-ion batteries. However, conventional C-SAMs designed solely considering the d-p orbital coupling theory often yield distorted adsorption energy predictions for Na2S, as it overlooks the roles of Na-N bond interactions and structural deformation. Herein, we introduce the frozen slab method to evaluate the influence of C-SAMs' affinities toward Na and S on Na2S adsorption. Based on their relative adsorption strengths, C-SAMs are classified into three categories: S-affinitive, amphiphilic, and Na-affinitive. Theoretical calculations reveal that S-affinitive C-SAMs strongly adsorb S atoms, thereby weakening the Na-S bond in Na2S and facilitating bond cleavage during charging. This reduces the decomposition energy barrier of Na2S and enhances the reversibility of the conversion reaction. Experimental results confirm that S-affinitive C-SAV can accelerate Na+ storage kinetics in MoS2, enabling highly efficient reversible conversion during charging. As a result, after 1000 cycles at a high current density of 5 A g-1, the MoS2/C-SAV electrode exhibits a specific capacity of 332.8 mAh g-1, with a capacity retention rate as high as 98.87% and an average capacity decay of only 0.001% per cycle.
Design of novel exponential PDN controller via quadratic interpolation optimiser for nonlinear and unstable ball and beam system
(Wiley, 2026) Izci, Davut; Ekinci, Serdar; Çelik, Emre; Uyar, Murat; Bajaj, Mohit; Blažek, Vojtěch; Rubanenko, Olena
This study presents a novel exponential proportional-derivative controller with filter (exp-PDN) for stabilising the nonlinear and underactuated ball and beam system. Unlike conventional PID-based approaches, the proposed controller removes the integral term, resulting in faster transient responses and improved robustness. It incorporates nonlinear exponential shaping of both the error and its derivative, along with a filtered derivative path for enhanced noise handling. A custom multi-objective cost function, comprising the squared error, settling time, and percent overshoot, is proposed to evaluate control performance. The quadratic interpolation optimiser (QIO), a recently developed metaheuristic based on analytical interpolation, is employed to optimise the controller parameters. To validate its effectiveness, the exp-PDN controller is compared against five state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms: QIO, spider wasp optimiser, komodo mlipir algorithm, golden eagle optimiser, and slime mould algorithm. The QIO-optimised exp-PDN achieves the best performance, with the lowest cost value (0.3211), minimal overshoot (5.52%), fast rise time (0.97 s), and smallest steady-state error (4.1643 x 10- 4). Further comparisons with QIO-optimised phase-lead and PID-with-filter controllers demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in both transient and steady-state behaviour. In summary, this work advances the control of nonlinear unstable systems by delivering a structurally simple yet highly responsive control architecture. The combination of dual-channel exponential shaping and efficient metaheuristic optimisation results in state-of-the-art closed-loop performance, highlighting the practical value of the proposed exp-PDN framework for real-world control applications.

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