Články z časopisů s impakt faktorem / Articles from Impact Factor Journals

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/96217

Kolekce obsahuje články z časopisů (od roku 2008 do současnosti), které v době vydání článku měly impakt faktor (podle databáze InCites Journal Citation Reports společnosti Clarivate Analytics).

Přehled publikační činnosti ze všech časopisů indexovaných v době vydání článků ve Web of Science poskytuje kolekce Publikační činnost VŠB-TUO.

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 6872 results

Geothermal potential of the Czech Vienna Basin: Structural and fluid-flow dynamics of a former pull-apart basin
(Elsevier, 2026) Rybár, Samuel; Nemčok, Michal; Ledvényiová, Lucia; Kyselák, Přemysl; Sliva, Lubomir
This study investigates the geothermal potential of the Czech sector of the Vienna Basin, a region traditionally explored for hydrocarbons, through the integration of seismic and fluid data. The analysis focuses on lowtemperature geothermal systems (<150 degrees C) hosted by Badenian and Sarmatian (Langhian-Serravallian) sedimentary sequences. Seismic interpretation identifies key structural features, including the Steinberg Fault Zone, serving as a recharge area, and the Lanzhot-Hrusky Fault Zone, representing a discharge area of a topographydriven geothermal fluid-flow system connected by a network of densely spaced aquifers. Hydrogeochemical analyses reveal total dissolved solids ranging from 3400 to 21,000 ppm and fluid inflow rates from 0.5 to 14.5 m(3)/h. Current limitations include incomplete data coverage and relatively low geothermal gradients; however, the availability of extensive hydrocarbon infrastructure and a large well database provides a unique opportunity for geothermal exploration and redevelopment. Deepening of selected wells in the most promising areas could increase reservoir temperatures, improving the economic efficiency of future geothermal projects. This study provides the first integrated structural and hydrogeothermal interpretation of the Czech sector of the Vienna Basin. The results identify a topography-driven geothermal circulation system controlled by the Steinberg and Lanzhot-Hrusky Fault Zones, linking recharge and discharge zones across multiple Badenian and Sarmatian aquifers. These findings establish a well-constrained conceptual framework for the basin's geothermal system and demonstrate the potential for direct-use applications based on existing exploration data.
Temperature-dependent plastic behavior of ASA: Johnson-Cook plasticity model calibration and FEM validation
(MDPI, 2026) Palička, Peter; Huňady, Róbert; Hagara, Martin
Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) is widely used in outdoor structural applications due to its favorable mechanical stability and weather resistance; however, its temperature-dependent plastic behavior remains insufficiently characterized for accurate numerical simulation. This study presents a non-standard method of calibrating the temperature-dependent Johnson-Cook (J-C) plasticity model for ASA in the practical operating temperature range below the glass transition temperature. Uniaxial tensile tests at constant strain rate 0.01 s-1 were performed at -10 degrees C, +23 degrees C, and +65 degrees C to characterize the effect of temperature on the material's plastic response. The J-C parameters A, B, and n were identified for each temperature separately and globally using least-squares optimization implemented in MATLAB R2024b, showing good agreement with the experimental stress-strain curves. The calibrated parameters were subsequently implemented in Abaqus 2024 and validated through finite element simulations of the tensile tests. Numerical predictions demonstrated a very high correlation with the experimental data across all temperatures, confirming that the J-C model accurately captures the hardening behavior of ASA. The presented parameter set and calibration methodology provide a reliable basis for future simulation-driven design, forming analysis, and structural assessment of ASA components subjected to variable thermal conditions.
Propane-syngas premixed flames in a heat-flux burner: Effect of H2/CO enrichment on laminar burning velocity, temperature profiles, and mechanism sensitivity
(Elsevier, 2026) Bouhentala, Bigeud; Krause, Hartmut; Eckart, Sven
Blending syngas with propane offers a versatile approach to tune combustion behavior, merging the high reactivity and clean burning properties of syngas with the stability and energy density of propane enabling flexible syngas adoption in the current combustion systems. Premixed propane-syngas flames were investigated at 298 K and 1 bar over an equivalence-ratio range of phi = 0.6-1.5 to quantify the Laminar Burning Velocity (LBV) and flame temperature. The LBV was measured using a heat-flux burner (quasi-adiabatic, planar flame), and temperature profiles at Heights Above the Burner (HAB) of 1-20 mm were recorded using a type-S thermocouple and corrected for radiative losses via a steady-state convection-radiation balance (epsilon = 0.205-0.235). Equimolar and non-equimolar H2/CO syngas blends, with syngas fractions up to 80% of the fuel, were examined. Numerical predictions were obtained using a one-dimensional freely propagating flame model with the USC II, San Diego, Aramco 2.0, C3MechLite, and NUIG 1.1 kinetic mechanisms; the San Diego mechanism best reproduces lean LBV, whereas USC II performs better under rich conditions. Increasing syngas content increases LBV at all phi and shifts the LBV peak from phi = 1.0 to phi =1.1 at high syngas fractions; at phi =1.5, LBV increases by 145% as the syngas fraction rises from 20% to 80%. The peak flame temperature (Tpeak) increases by 2.9% at phi = 0.8 and by 12.5% at phi = 1.4 for 80% equimolar syngas, with H2-rich syngas yielding higher values than CO-rich blends. Sensitivity and radical-profile analyses indicate that H-atom branching (H + O2 = O + OH) and OHassisted CO oxidation promote LBV, whereas HO2 formation and H-recombination pathways limit the gains, consistent with the observed mechanism-to-mechanism differences under rich conditions. Syngas addition also moves the flame front closer to the burner (HAB approximate to 1 mm versus 2 mm for propane), consistent with improved rich-side stabilization. Overall, the dataset provides a combined experimental-numerical benchmark of LBV and temperature profiles for propane flames enriched with syngas (H2/CO), including both equimolar and nonequimolar blends up to 80% of the fuel for model validation and syngas-utilization studies.
Lightweight bolted storage tank design: Experimental and numerical modal analysis
(Elsevier, 2026) Drahorád, Lukáš; Maršálek, Pavel; Poruba, Zdeněk; Cienciala, Jakub; Huňady, Róbert; Tošková, Anna; Fusek, Martin; Larys, Michal
This paper presents experimental and numerical investigations of the modal behavior of bolted storage tanks, including both filled and empty states. Structures with low natural frequencies are especially vulnerable to dynamic excitations, as they can resonate with vortex shedding at critical wind speeds or with the predominant frequencies of seismic events, leading to amplified vibrations. To address these effects, a coupled numerical model that consistently represents fluid-structure interaction is presented and rigorously validated against experimental measurements on a real bolted tank with non-standard anchoring. After validation, this model is employed to analyze the effects of anchor bolt configuration, tank wall thickness, and fluid density on modal characteristics of the structure.The findings show that the appropriate anchoring conditions enable a reduction in tank wall thickness without compromising the first three natural frequencies, offering practical guidelines for the design of lightweight bolted tanks.
Cretaceous granites-possible source of the Carpathian gravity low
(Elsevier, 2026) Pospíšil, Lubomil; Bartoněk, Dalibor; Bureš, Jiří
The Carpathian gravity low is one of the most discussed geophysical problems in the area of the Western Carpathians. The source of this regional anomaly has been debated since the 1980s. The ideas of individual authors were based on the powerful sedimentary layers in the bedrock of the flysch and Central Western Carpathians or on the effect of the source at the level of the Moho discontinuity. In 1980, the first interpretation appeared, when the authors connected the source with the presence of granitoid masses. In the course of time, individual unrealistic ideas about the influence of molassoid sediments or deep structures were gradually excluded. The work provides new interpretations based on integrated seismic, magnetotelluric (MT), and gravity data, and its conclusions are supported by the presented data and models-with limited quantitative uncertainty analysis. The study advances understanding of the Western Carpathians' crustal structure and offers a plausible geological explanation that refines long-debated hypotheses about the gravity anomaly. The results gained on the bases of the reinterpretation of gravity, magnetic, reflection seismic and magnetotelluric data (MT) confirmed the existence of an environment that can be explained by the presence of granites based on the absence of significant reflexes and the presence of high-resistivity horizons in the Low Tatras area. In this paper, compared to other similar works, a model is presented that assumes the presence of Cretaceous granitoid complexes. It is based on a comparison with a similar gravity effect manifested in the Rochovce area. Cretaceous granites drilled here proved the presence of such complexes in the subsoil in the Tatric and Veporic units. From paleographic studies, it is possible to find a connection with similar bodies of Cretaceous granites (banatites) located in the range from the Apusena Mountains to the South Carpathians. Plain Language summary: The article is devoted to the clarification of one of the important regional anomalies-Central Carpathian Gravity low", which was solved for more than 40 years by a number of expert teams. The article contains the results of geophysical methods, which offer an explanation of this structure as a source of Cretaceous granite, which is known in a large area in the Eastern and Southern Carpathians as banatites. In the article, we present a new comprehensive view of the solution of this and similar resources found in the destroyed remnants of the post-subduction Variscan zone. It is an exceptional example of possible geophysical mapping of similar zones in other orogenic regions.
Production technology and properties of layered composite coatings used for boiling heat transfer augmentation
(Polish Society of Composite Materials, 2025) Chatys, Rafal; Honus, Stanislav; Orman, Łukasz J.
The paper presents the production technology and properties of layered metallic composites in view of their use for the creation of highly efficient phase-change heat exchangers. It discusses the experimental results of the boiling heat transfer of distilled water and ethanol under atmospheric pressure on copper substrates on which a metal mesh layer, which augments heat transfer via boiling, was applied by sintering. The sintering technology enables durable bonds to be obtained between the joined elements, which results in proper strength properties. The meshes used in the experiments were made of bronze, brass and copper. The heat transfer results indicate that all the samples with the additional layer showed better performance - they dissipated more heat at the same temperature difference in comparison to the smooth surface without any mesh applied onto it, while the copper mesh outperformed the others. It seems to be linked to the highest thermal conductivity of this material in relation to the copper alloys considered in the study.
Study of the mechanical and fracture properties of lightweight concrete with various combinations of polypropylene fibers
(MDPI, 2026) Hrabová, Kristýna; Láník, Jaromír; Lehner, Petr
This article examines how hybrid polypropylene fibers of three different lengths affect the mechanical and fracture properties of lightweight structural concrete with lightweight ceramic aggregate. Four mixtures were produced: a reference lightweight concrete and three fiber-reinforced variants with total dosages of 3, 6, and 9 kg/m3 in a fixed length ratio of 4:1:1. Standard tests determined the bulk density, cube compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and fracture parameters using a three-point bend test. Compared to the reference concrete, the fibers did not significantly change the compressive strength but consistently increased the tensile strength and energy absorption after cracking. The highest fracture energy and toughness were obtained at the highest dosage, while excessive fiber content reduced the static compressive modulus.
Hot flame detection in a completely automated autoignition temperature measurement apparatus
(Elsevier, 2026) Kuna, Petr; Janovský, Břetislav; Spitzer, Stefan H; Zakel, Sabine
The auto-ignition temperature (AIT) is essential for assessing the hazard of flammable liquids in relation to hot surfaces. An international ISO/IEC standard describes the method and protocol of AIT measurement as well as ignition detection by the eye. It also allows automatic flame detection if the same results are obtained during apparatus verification. As the intensity, temperature and color of the flame phenomenon can depend on the substance class and quantity, the question arises as to how reliably ignitions can be detected when additional sensor parameters affect the detection signal. This particularly applies to substances that tend to produce cold flames. The standard does not give detailed guidelines on sensor types and the given flame detection parameters seem questionable. Nevertheless, there are AIT test rigs available, which use semi-automated flame detection, but the criteria are set by the manufacturers. This study focuses on developing a largely automated apparatus for AIT measurements. This includes temperature control, dosing of the liquid and cleaning of the flask. Specific emphasis lays on hot flame detection during an ignition test in the first step. Future work will be related to cool flames. This paper aims to specify the sensors used, their positioning, and the flame detection parameters to enable nearly unsupervised operation of the apparatus. New recommendations for hot flame detection are provided. Both VIS/NIR and UV photodiodes are used successfully for hot flame detection. Thermocouple measurements based on the rate of temperature rise were found to be reliable, when Delta T/Delta t > 80 degrees C/s.
Experimental study of multiple-shot unitary channels discrimination using the IBM Q computers
(Springer Nature, 2026) Bílek, Adam; Hlisnikovský, Jan; Bezděk, Tomáš; Kukulski, Ryszard; Lewandowska, Paulin
Tasks involving black boxes appear frequently in the theory of quantum information, with quantum channel discrimination as a central example that has been deeply studied. In this work, we experimentally study the discrimination between two unitary quantum channels in the multiple-shot scenario. We challenge the theoretical results concerning the probability of correct discrimination with the results collected from experiments performed on the IBM Brisbane. Our analysis shows that neither too deep quantum circuits nor circuits that create too much entanglement are suitable for the discrimination task. We conclude that circuit architectures which minimize entanglement overhead while preserving discrimination power are significantly more resilient to hardware noise if their depth does not exceed a threshold value. Consequently, our findings necessitate a paradigm shift: for execution on noisy hardware, the theoretically suboptimal circuit is, counterintuitively, often the superior choice.
Application of CSA algorithm for the PMSM speed estimator of the FOC control method using extended Kalman filter
(Vysoká škola báňská - Technická univerzita Ostrava, 2025) Tran, Thinh Cong; Brandštetter, Pavel; Tan, Huynh; Vo, Hau Huu
Nowadays, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) are used more and more widely due to their advantages over other types of motors, such as high efficiency, constant torque, higher power density, and wide speed range. Many studies on this motor have been carried out in the industry. This paper proposes an application for the PMSM motor to estimate the speed of the motor rotor using an extended Kalman filter (EKF). This also means that the motor is controlled without using a speed sensor, so the system has the advantages of reducing the cost of manufacturing encoders, less damage, increased reliability, and reduced size due to the absence of moving mechanical parts of the sensor. The estimated performance depends heavily on the parameters of the covariance matrices in the filter. In the paper, the filter parameters are optimized using the Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). The simulation results of the proposed algorithm on the PMSM motor show its advantages over traditional methods.
A hybrid meshless collocation approach for capturing solution and gradient jumps in 1D telegraph double-interface model with highly discontinuous coefficients
(Elsevier, 2026) Asif, Muhammad; Fatima, Ali; Riaz, Muhammad Bilal; Bilal, Faisal
Telegraph interface models accurately predict signal and wave behavior in layered media with multiple boundaries, providing a reliable basis for the design and analysis of electrical, communication, and geophysical systems. This article presents a numerical method for solving the one-dimensional telegraph equation with double interface conditions. The proposed scheme combines radial basis functions for spatial discretization with finite difference approximations in time, forming a unified and flexible computational framework. This hybrid approach is capable of handling both linear and nonlinear problems and can accommodate constant as well as variable coefficients. Linear algebraic systems arising from the discretization are solved using Gaussian elimination, while nonlinear problems are treated through a quasi-Newton linearization technique. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are evaluated by computing the maximum absolute error and the root mean square error for different spatial grid sizes and time step values. Numerical results confirm that the proposed scheme is easy to implement, exhibits fast convergence, and achieves high accuracy across a range of test problems. Therefore, the method provides a reliable and efficient computational tool for solving telegraph equations with interface discontinuities.
Pulse wave velocity estimation in a controlled In vitro vascular model: Benchmarking machine learning approaches
(MDPI, 2026) Barvík, Daniel; Černý, Martin; Procházka, Michal; Noury, Norbert
This study evaluates the feasibility of estimating stiffness-related parameters and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in a controlled in vitro circulatory setup using artificial silicone vessels with systematically varied Shore A hardness and wall thickness. From synchronized pressure and capacitive waveforms, fiducial points and engineered features are extracted, together with pump settings (stroke volume and heart rate). A Sugeno-type adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used for hardness-level prediction and benchmarked against linear regression and contemporary machine-learning/deep-learning baselines using stratified cross-validation. PWV estimates derived via hardness-to-elasticity conversion models and the Moens-Korteweg formulation are evaluated against a reference PWV obtained within the same experimental configuration. Under these controlled conditions, the proposed pipeline shows strong agreement with reference labels and measurements. The results should be interpreted as an in vitro validation step; translation to biological tissues or in vivo data will require external validation, calibration of material-property mapping, and robustness testing under physiological variability and measurement noise.
Payment holidays, credit risk, and borrower-based limits: Insights from the Czech mortgage market
(Elsevier, 2026) Hodula, Martin; Pfeifer, Lukáš; Pacoň, Martin
This paper examines the design and outcomes of mortgage payment holidays introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Czech Republic provides a useful setting, combining a broad legislative moratorium with a subsequent, eligibility-based bank moratorium. Using confidential loan-level data, we document that legislative moratoria were used mainly as a precautionary liquidity tool, while bank moratoria were accessed predominantly by higher-risk borrowers. A central contribution of the paper is to provide loan-level evidence on mortgage performance after these programs ended. We find that arrears rose only moderately once repayments resumed, though the increase was noticeably larger for bank-moratoria borrowers, reflecting their weaker risk profiles. We further show that stricter borrower-based regulations (LTV, DTI, DSTI) in place before the pandemic were associated with lower moratoria uptake and reduced post-moratoria arrears. The results illustrate how the interaction between program design and pre-existing regulation shaped both the use of payment holidays and their credit-risk implications.
Social networks and social media as mediators of entrepreneurial entry among Indian women
(Springer Nature, 2026) Balcar, Jiří; Sinha, Prity; Johnson Filipová, Lenka; Horáková Hirschlerová, Nicole
This article examines how social networks and social media influence women's entrepreneurial entry in India. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods approach, we combine quantitative analysis of GEM data with qualitative interviews. The quantitative results show that having an entrepreneur in one's social network increases the probability of start-up involvement by 2.5 percentage points, while media exposure contributes an additional 1.8 percentage points. Interviews with women entrepreneurs illustrate how social media provides motivation, role-modeling, and perceived attainability, whereas personal networks offer emotional support, early clients, mentorship, and informal financing. Situating these findings within broader debates on social capital and female entrepreneurship, the study highlights how interpersonal and digital ties function as low-cost, relational resources in contexts of limited institutional support. This dual perspective advances existing research by clarifying the distinct yet complementary ways in which offline networks and online media shape women's early entrepreneurial decisions and help reduce perceived barriers.
Blockchain-enhanced IoT forensics: Advancing security, trust, and efficiency in digital investigations
(World Scientific Publishing, 2026) Chen, Xiaoyun; Han, Weixue
The integration of blockchain technology into Internet of Things (IoT) forensics transforms digital investigations and resolves challenges in the security and validation of evidence within increasingly interconnected systems. This paper explores how blockchain's immutable, decentralized, and transparent ledger enhances the integrity, authenticity, and traceability of forensic data collected from IoT devices. By embedding blockchain within IoT ecosystems, investigators gain access to tamper-resistant records and establish credibility and admissibility in legal proceedings. Smart contracts and decentralized trust models automate security protocols to reduce human error while enhancing efficiency. Real-world applications in smart homes, healthcare, industrial automation, and communication networks demonstrate the framework's potential to strengthen forensic processes. This paper interprets blockchain's transformative role in advancing IoT forensics, for robust, transparent, and future-ready investigative methodologies.
Monitoring and assessment of potentially hazardous particles in high-risk workplaces in the production of Ni-Cd batteries
(Springer Nature, 2026) Tokarčíková, Michaela; Bernatíková, Šárka; Rössner ml., Pavel, Pavel; Vrbová, Kristýna; Šíma, Michal; Gabor, Roman; Běčák, Petr; Seidlerová, Jana
The manufacture of Ni-Cd batteries involves the risk of contact with and inhalation of dust particles containing heavy metals, including potential carcinogens. Three workplaces were selected that appeared to pose the greatest risk to workers in terms of exposure to heavy metal (nickel and cadmium) dust generated during the production and handling of nickel-cadmium plates. Although the limits for dust and carcinogens and mutagens are very strict, they are gradually being tightened. Therefore, the main motivation was to find the source of the highest amounts of respirable particles, determine the size of the particles, the composition of the fraction and evaluated potential toxicity of particles captured on the filters. This will help to propose additional measures to minimise concentrations of potentially carcinogenic particles in the working environment. The chemical analysis, particle size distribution, metal content and cytotoxicity of the particles trapped on the filters were investigated. While the concentration of heavy metals was well below the permissible exposure limits, the extracts obtained from the sampled filters had a significant effect on cytotoxicity, particularly those containing lower concentrations of particles.
A catalytic approach to the valorization of polyesters and biogenic waste for the production of amines
(Elsevier, 2026) Poovan, Fairoosa; Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.; Beller, Matthias
Despite the numerous applications of polymers in human life, their excessive use has caused serious environmental hazards. Among polymer recycling methods, chemical recycling offers a streamlined approach to polymer degradation by enabling depolymerization without compromising functionality. Specifically, hydrogenolysis of polymers, a depolymerization technique that utilizes hydrogen to cleave bonds, has emerged as a powerful strategy for depolymerization, facilitating the upcycling of plastics into high-value chemicals. Previous research in this area has predominantly focused on noble metal catalysts, while the potential of base metals remains unexplored. Herein, we propose a cobalt-based hydrogenative amination approach for the depolymerization of polyesters to versatile diamines as well as amino alcohols. This strategy can also be applied to the one-pot synthesis of fatty amines from used cooking oil. The current system opens new avenues for the upcycling of waste into valuable amines, providing a viable solution to plastic pollution and a way to utilize waste as a resource.
Three-dimensional surface metrology analysis of cryogenically machined additively manufactured aluminium alloys
(Elsevier, 2026) Gupta, Munish Kumar
Surface roughness and topography play a critical role in determining the performance and reliability of additively manufactured (AM) aluminium alloys, particularly after post-processing by machining. This study presents a comprehensive three-dimensional surface metrology analysis of machined additively manufactured Al-Si-10Mg aluminum alloy under varying cooling conditions, including dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), air, and cryogenic CO2 environments. Surface characterization was performed using a Sensofar microscope operating in interferometry mode to acquire high-resolution 3D surface data. A full set of amplitude, spatial, and hybrid roughness parameters was evaluated, along with material ratio and volume parameters for functional assessment. The results show that at cutting speeds of 230–270 m/min, the average roughness (Sa) remained above 0.30 μm, while the root mean square roughness (Sq) ranged from 0.45 to 0.50 μm, indicating a smooth and periodic surface trend. Cryogenic cooling produced the most refined surfaces, with Sz values of 3.3–3.5 μm at 150–230 m/min and a moderate increase to 3.9–4.0 μm at 310 m/min. The results also show that the surface formation mechanisms of AM AlSi10Mg are significantly influenced by cooling conditions, leading to variations in texture orientation, roughness distribution, and material properties. In addition, the enhanced cooling conditions yielded improved surface integrity of AM AlSi10Mg, as measured by interferometry, reflected in lower roughness values and optimized core and valley volume parameters, which are beneficial for wear and fatigue related applications.
Optimizing multi-step kinetic schemes for biomass pyrolysis in bioenergy production using multi-objective genetic algorithm: Transitioning from thermally thin to thermally thick regime
(Elsevier, 2026) Vasudev, Vikul; Tahir, Mudassir Hussain; Ram, Shri; Duan, Yanjun; Adamec, Tomáš; Najser, Tomáš
This study aims to optimize multi-step kinetic models for biomass pyrolysis to enhance bioenergy production. Utilizing three representative biomass types, i.e., Cunninghamia lanceolata (forestry-derived), rice straw (agricultural-derived), and green algae (aquatic-derived), thermogravimetric analysis was conducted across temperatures from 150 to 600 degrees C at heating rates of 5, 20, 30, and 40 degrees C/min. Three kinetic schemes with three, four, and nine reactions were parameterized using a parallelized multi-objective genetic algorithm fitting the model simultaneously to all heating rates. The four-reaction scheme achieved the highest fit quality (R-2 > 0.97 for all feedstocks), while the nine-reaction model provided detailed mechanistic insights but showed reduced accuracy for green algae (R-2 as low as 0.81). Coupling these kinetic models with a 2D heat transfer model of a thermally thick biomass particle revealed distinct thermal gradients and reaction front behaviors for each scheme, including average front propagation speeds of 0.19 mm/min and core conversion times between 27 and 34 min. The most complex scheme exhibited the fastest core conversion rate (up to 23 % faster), broadest and most diffuse reaction front, and greater char production. Whereas, simpler schemes produced sharper, localized fronts with slower conversion. This integrated experimental-computational approach quantitatively characterizes pyrolysis kinetics and thermal dynamics, advancing model development for optimized industrial bioenergy applications.
Assessing climate risk on the European financial system: a multi-scenario Analysis
(Springer Nature, 2026) Giacchetta, Gianandrea; Giacometti, Rosella; Torri, Gabriele
This paper investigates the impact of climate risk on the stability of the European financial system, with a particular focus on both transition and physical risk dimensions. Given the long-term and uncertain nature of climate-related risks, traditional econometric methods often fall short in capturing their systemic implications. To address this challenge, we develop a scenario-based framework grounded in realistic projections consistent to the theoretical framework of the Network for Greening the Financial System ("NGFS"), encompassing three climate pathways: orderly transition, disorderly transition, and hot house world. We model the relationship between climate risk drivers, European companies, and the financial system using vine copulas, enabling a flexible representation of complex dependencies. The effects of these scenarios on financial institutions are evaluated through key risk metrics (expected return, value at risk, and expected shortfall) conditioned on each climate scenario. Our results offer insights into how climate transition risks propagate through the financial system, with practical implications for financial stability assessment and systemic risk management. The primary contribution lies in integrating both transition and physical climate risks into a coherent and tractable risk assessment framework, offering valuable tools for policymakers, regulators, and financial practitioners. Results show a significant dependence of European financial system to brown companies and, thus, sizable losses in the disorderly transition scenario.

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