Publikační činnost Katedry automatizace a počítačové techniky v průmyslu / Publications of Department of Automation and Computer Science in Metallurgy (638)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/67085

Kolekce obsahuje bibliografické záznamy publikační činnosti akademických pracovníků Katedry automatizace a počítačové techniky v průmyslu (638) v časopisech registrovaných ve Web of Science od roku 2003 do roku 2022.
Do kolekce jsou zařazeny:
a) publikace, u nichž je v originálních dokumentech jako působiště autora (adresa) uvedena Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava (VŠB-TUO),
b) publikace, u nichž v originálních dokumentech není v adrese VŠB-TUO uvedena, ale autoři prokazatelně v době jejich zpracování a uveřejnění působili na VŠB-TUO.

Bibliografické záznamy byly původně vytvořeny v kolekci Publikační činnost akademických pracovníků VŠB-TUO, která sleduje publikování akademických pracovníků od roku 1990.

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 38 results

Usage of real time machine vision in rolling mill
(MDPI, 2021) David, Jiří; Švec, Pavel; Pasker, Vít; Garzinová, Romana
This article deals with the issue of computer vision on a rolling mill. The main goal of this article is to describe the designed and implemented algorithm for the automatic identification of the character string of billets on the rolling mill. The algorithm allows the conversion of image information from the front of the billet, which enters the rolling process, into a string of characters, which is further used to control the technological process. The purpose of this identification is to prevent the input pieces from being confused because different parameters of the rolling process are set for different pieces. In solving this task, it was necessary to design the optimal technical equipment for image capture, choose the appropriate lighting, search for text and recognize individual symbols, and insert them into the control system. The research methodology is based on the empirical-quantitative principle, the basis of which is the analysis of experimentally obtained data (photographs of billet faces) in real operating conditions leading to their interpretation (transformation into the shape of a digital chain). The first part of the article briefly describes the billet identification system from the point of view of technology and hardware resources. The next parts are devoted to the main parts of the algorithm of automatic identification-optical recognition of strings and recognition of individual characters of the chain using artificial intelligence. The method of optical character recognition using artificial neural networks is the basic algorithm of the system of automatic identification of billets and eliminates ambiguities during their further processing. Successful implementation of the automatic inspection system will increase the share of operation automation and lead to ensuring automatic inspection of steel billets according to the production plan. This issue is related to the trend of digitization of individual technological processes in metallurgy and also to the social sustainability of processes, which means the elimination of human errors in the management of the billet rolling process.
Case study on fire resistance of sandwiches for means of transport
(MDPI, 2021) Koštial, Pavol; Koštialová Jančíková, Zora; Frischer, Robert
These days there are undeniably unique materials that, however, must also meet demanding safety requirements. In the case of vehicles, these are undoubtedly excellent fire protection characteristics. The aim of the work is to experimentally verify the proposed material compositions for long-term heat loads and the effect of thickness, the number of laminating layers (prepregs) as well as structures with different types of cores (primarily honeycomb made of Nomex paper type T722 of different densities, aluminum honeycomb and PET foam) and composite coating based on a glass-reinforced phenolic matrix. The selected materials are suitable candidates for intelligent sandwich structures, usable especially for interior cladding applications in the industry for the production of means of public transport (e.g., train units, trams, buses, hybrid vehicles).
Case study of chosen sandwich-structured composite materials for means of transport
(MDPI, 2020) Koštial, Pavol; Koštialová Jančíková, Zora; Ružiak, Ivan; Gajtanska, Milada
Modern means of transport increasingly utilize sandwich constructions. Among other things, the reasons for such state of affairs include the reduced weight of means of transport, and through this, better fuel economy as well as price. This work is dedicated to a systematic experimental study of the influence of various materials and sandwich designs on their mechanical properties. In the framework of experiments, sandwich-structured composites were exposed to two types of stressing: static as well as impact stressing. The testing of prepared samples was performed according to ASTM C-393 Standard, dealing specifically with the bending behavior of sandwich composite constructions and impact testing under the scope of ISO 6603-2 Standard test. In this article we deal with static and impact testing of the eight types of core materials, two types of coatings, two types of surface finishes, and two types of resins with a special emphasis on their use in constructions of some exterior or interior components of transport means.
Thermal aging of Menzolit BMC 3100
(Hindawi, 2020) Koštial, Pavol; Koštialová Jančíková, Zora; Krejcar, Ondřej; Kuča, Kamil; Fadeyi, Oluwaseun; Orogun, Adebola; Frischer, Robert
This paper deals with the influence of thermal aging on physical properties of a composite material, Menzolit BMC 3100. First, we present a number of analysis, FTIR (infrared spectroscopy), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), TMA (thermomechanical analysis), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), and HDT (heat deflection temperature), to understand the material performance under heat, and then, we carry out a test of toughness and strength using Charpy impact strength and Brinell hardness. Finally, we present optical surface analysis of the material under investigation by carrying out aging analysis at increments from room temperature up to 300 degrees C. It was observed that above 200 degrees C, the material begins to degrade at the surface, especially its organic component, polyester resin. This type of degradation has a negative impact on a variety of its physical properties. Exposure to temperatures above 200 degrees C reduces the material's hardness, toughness, and shape stability, likewise, material degradation was found to increase with higher thermal loads almost linearly for all the observed properties.
Effective ecological and cheap heating of dwelling spaces
(MDPI, 2020) Koštial, Pavel; Vlček, Jozef; Koštialová Jančíková, Zora; Špačková, Hana; David, Jiří; Frischer, Robert; Ružiak, Ivan
The sustainability of human civilization depends largely on green energy management. This work represents one way to achieve this goal. The work is devoted to converting microwave radiation to heat. The article analyses different ways of heating residential and utility areas. Materials suitable for converting microwave radiation to heat from ceramic composites, concretes, fire clays, and bauxite with water glass are enclosed. For all materials we have measured DTA/TG (Differential Thermal Analysis/Thermogravimetric Analysis) curves, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) patterns, chemical composition of samples, the specific heat capacity c(p) [J/kg.K], thermal conductivity k [W/m.K] and diffusivity alpha [m(2)/s(-1)]. The cooling curves of these materials after microwave heating are characterized in detail. The paper also presents a description and construction of a microwave reactor together with the parameters of the living space heating.
Utilization of linearization methods for measuring of thermal properties of materials
(AIMS, 2018) Špička, Ivo; Krejcar, Ondřej; Frischer, Robert; Koštial, Pavol; Selamat, Ali; Jančíková, Zora; Kuča, Kamil
The aim of the article is to describe the convective cooling of the measured samples and the subsequent processing of the measured to determine the material parameters of the solids in order to develop specialized software. In engineering practice, specifically in the field of materials research, it is necessary to measure the thermal properties of the materials under study. For a variety of materials, which may constitute the substitute for metals, such as steel, alloy, and others, including polymers and composites-especially for the newly developed materials, the table values of these parameters are not available. However, they are important to establish the thermal insulation properties of these materials, for further use in relevant industries. The time constant that determines the rate of cooling of the preheated sample is the basis for determining the additional thermal and technical parameters of the material. Based on the knowledge of the specific heat capacity, after specifying the range of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of the material, these parameters can be estimated. In order to estimate the coefficients, the non-linear parameter estimation methods can be used, which lead to the iterative calculations. A good candidate for these calculations is the MATLAB program, especially its CurveFitting toolbox. The price of Matlab SW, including CurveFitting Toolbox, is relatively high in terms of using the solution for this purpose. This resulted in the designing of new methods for CurveFitting described in this paper and implemented in the developed program named CurveFit.
Determination of activation energy of relaxation events in thermoplastic polyurethane by dynamic mechanical analysis
(Wiley, 2018) Kopal, Ivan; Harničárová, Marta; Valíček, Jan; Koštial, Pavol; Koštialová Jančíková, Zora
In the present study, the activation energy associated with the primary and the secondary relaxation transition events in thermoplastic polyurethane has been determined using the multi-frequency dynamic mechanical analysis tests. The thermoplastic polyurethane under investigation was tested at temperatures between 145K - 526K, at frequencies of 0.5Hz, 1Hz, 2Hz, 5Hz and 10Hz and at a constant heating rate of 3Kmin(-1). It was observed that the studied materials show three relaxation events - glass transition of soft segments, glass transition of hard segments as well as secondary transition associated with short range order translation and with reorientational motions within the polyurethane crystals. The activation energies for all three observed relaxation events were determined from dynamic mechanical properties measured at various frequencies using a linearized Arrhenius equation. The calculated activation energy is 379.73kJmol(-1) for the glass transition of hard segments; for the secondary relaxation transition it is 65.53kJmol(-1) and for the glass transition of soft segments it is 45.98kJmol(-1).
Measurements of rubber mechanical properties in aged and nonaged state
(Wiley-VCH, 2017) Ružiak, Ivan; Koštial, Pavol; Jančíková, Zora; Krišťák, Ľuboš; Kopal, Ivan; Valíček, Jan; Harničárová, Marta
In this work we study the influence of different types of plasticizers on the mechanical properties of rubber blend mixtures before and after the ageing process. We have used Oleic acid as plasticizer. Reference samples were mixed with an oleic acid content of 1 part of the oleic acid to the 100 parts of rubber and 3 parts of the oleic acid to the 100 parts of rubber with weight percentages of the surfactant ETOXON 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, 30 and basic mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Shore A hardness, ductility, moduli 100, 200, 300 have been measured. Measurements were performed 24 h after blend vulcanization and then 1 month after. We have studied the influence of plasticizers on the measured properties and the influence of ageing on the measured properties. All measured mechanical properties change with chemical composition except Shore A hardness.
Defectoscopic and clinical applications of infrared technique
(Springer, 2017) Kopal, Ivan; Koštial, Pavol; Špička, Ivo; Pleva, Leoš; Jančíková, Zora
The article deals with possible visualization of inhomogeneities in inorganic materials, such as laminates, as well as organic materials, such as bones. This work also provides a study of the visualization of internal fixation (nail), introduced in a bone by the IR technique. In the theoretical part, we present thermal wave propagation and a theoretical approach to the possibility of visualization of the boundary between two different materials with different thermal conductivity. Further on, the experimental method is tested with success on discovering artificial defects in glass laminates. In the second part of the article, a successful method of the visualization of the internal fixator position in a bone under IR excitation is presented. Methods of processing the data measured with the use of an infrared camera are presented in detail.
Influence of thermal and UV treatment on the polypropylene/graphite composite
(Elsevier, 2016) Vilímová, Petra; Tokarský, Jonáš; Peikertová, Pavlína; Mamulová Kutláková, Kateřina; Plaček, Tomáš
Electrically conductive polypropylene/graphite (PP/graphite) composites were prepared via blending granulated PP with maleic anhydride grafted PP and natural graphite. Electrical conductivity of prepared samples containing either 65, 70, or 75 wt% of graphite was measured and the most conductive sample containing 75 wt% of graphite was exposed to UV irradiation for 1 and 24 h or thermally treated at 170 °C for 1 h. The influence of thermal and UV exposure on the structural and electrical changes in such treated samples was studied. Local current measurements on the surface were made using scanning spreading resistance microscopy and morphology of the surface was studied by atomic force microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis, infrared and Raman spectroscopy were also used for the structural characterization. Properties of treated and untreated samples are compared and differences are discussed.
Weibull distribution application on temperature dependence of polyurethane storage modulus
(Hanser, 2016) Kopal, Ivan; Bakošová, Dana; Koštial, Pavel; Jančíková, Zora; Valíček, Jan; Harničárová, Marta
In this paper, a stiffness–temperature model based on Wei- bull statistics was applied to quantitatively describe changes in the storage modulus of thermoplastic polyur- ethane over a wide range of temperature. The variation of the storage modulus with temperature was obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis tests across transition tem- peratures. Both the physical and statistical parameters of the applied model were estimated in the process of para- metric fitting of the model to the storage modulus versus a temperature curve by using a trust region algorithm for a robust nonlinear least squares method. Good agreement be- tween the modeled and experimental data has been found over the entire investigated temperature range, including all observed relaxation transitions.
Optimizing the model of heating the material in the reheating furnace in metallurgy
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2016) Špička, Ivo; Heger, Milan; Zimný, Ondřej; Jančíková, Zora; Tykva, Tomáš
The optimal operation of reheating furnaces in the metallurgical industry is subject to regularities in the work of the furnace. In practice, however, one cannot avoid downtime to some extent, which causes the deterioration of economic indicators in the furnace. The article demonstrates how to use simulation models for reducing the negative impact of downtime by correcting the temperature in individual zones of the furnace. Corrections are calculated on the basis of predictions of initial heating curves of the processed material and subsequent optimization while using the elements of artificial intelligence.
Artificial neural network analysis of optical measurements of glasses based on Sb2O3
(INOE, 2016) Bošák, Ondrej; Minárik, Stanislav; Labaš, Vladimír; Jančíková, Zora; Koštial, Pavol; Zimný, Ondřej; Kubliha, Marian; Poulain, Marcel; Soltani, Mohamed Toufik
In the paper we present application of artificial neural network (ANN) on relation between glass composition versus optical transmittance of the chosen glass systems of Sb2O3 - PbCl2 and Sb2O3 – PbO – M2O, where M was Na, K and Li, respectively. The excellent prediction ability of special ANN program developed for this study demonstrates the possibility to influence the glass composition to obtain asked optical properties. The measurements of the temperature dependencies of the direct electric conductivity show the strong influence of the concentration of the individual glass compounds of systems Sb2O3 - PbCl2 and Sb2O3 – PbO – M2O (M is Na, K, Li) on their electric and dielectric properties. Glasses own the same mechanism of the electric conductivity with activation energy, which goes to the value 3.75 eV when temperature is higher than 250 C. Similarly optical transmittance T of systems Sb2O3 - PbCl2 and Sb2O3 – PbO – M2O strongly depends on the glass composition and the amount of defects, too. The glass 70Sb2O3 – 30PbCl2 reached the highest value of T. The minimal content of defects in its volume makes these glasses very perspective for next searching. The measurements of the complex modulus M of mentioned glasses showed their high sensitivity to the changes of glass structure connected with the creation of different sort and the amount of defects. The sensibility of the used methods is comparable with the usual exploited methods (X-ray analysis, optical microscopy) and makes possible to assess partially the quantitative occurrence of defects in the glass volume. A model of neural network for prediction of the optical transmittance was created. Model enables to predict the transmittance with sufficiently small error. After evaluation of results we can state that exploitation of neural networks is advantageous, if it is necessary to express complex mutual relations among sensor-based data. Neural networks are able to realize and appropriately express general properties of data and relations among them and on the contrary to suppress relationships which occur sporadically or they are not sufficiently reliable and strong. Their usage enables retrieval of relationships among parameters of the process which with use of common methods are not possible to trace for reason of their mutual interactions, big amount and dynamics. Use of a neural network seems to be suitable tool for estimating different important optical parameters.
Heuristic modeling of casting processes under the conditions uncertainty
(Elsevier, 2016) David, Jiří; Švec, Pavel; Garzinová, Romana; Kluska-Nawarecka, Stanisława; Wilk-Kołodziejczyk, Dorota; Regulski, Krzysztof
In the first part of this paper will be described an analysis of control problems and technical lifetime modeling of continuous casting device crystallizers. A full exploitation of continuous casting equipment (CCE) advantages can only be achieved through a control system that minimizes all undesirable effects on the technological process. Some of the undesirable effects influencing the CCE process effectiveness are the failures and service interruptions. This problem was solved by connection of dependability theory and artificial neural networks. The second part of the article refers to a model in linguistic form used to identify the type of defects present in the tested casting. This model, having the form of an attribute table, has been based on the concepts taken from the theory of rough sets and fuzzy logic. A methodology for construction of a heuristic model of linguistic knowledge was presented along with an example of its implementation based on the use of distributed sources of knowledge.
Usage of clustering methods for sequence plan optimization in steel production
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2016) Švec, Pavel; Frischerová, Lucie; David, Jiří
The paper deals with production scheduling of heat sequences while are steel types casted on continuous casting device. For production scheduling are used k-means clustering and fuzzy clustering methods. The parameters for cluster analysis are chemical composition liquids temperature and another values. From these values were selected parameters, which has been processed by clustering methods. Proposed clustering algorithm for sorting steel grades on continuous steel casting device is aimed to cast as many single graded smelts as possible, respectively more steel grades, which has similarities in chemical composition and liquid temperature. These resulting clusters are used when designing algorithm for smelting sequence scheduling. The goal of the production scheduling is to make schedule of production tasks, so how to achieve the agreement between order requirements and capabilities of production in given time scale.
On the solid state heat transport phenomena measurement
(Wiley, 2015) Koštial, Pavol; Špička, Ivo; Jančíková, Zora; Rusnák, Vladimír
The paper deals with theoretical and experimental aspects of lumped capacitance model (LCM) application for the study of heat transport in different materials. Patented construction of the measuring chamber together with special software the fundamental features of which are presented here allows evaluating thermal conductivity k, specific heat capacity cp and thermal diffusivity α. Obtained results are in relatively very good agreement with those obtained from independent measurement or table values.
Usage of analytical diagnostics when evaluating functional surface material defects
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2015) Frischer, Robert; David, Jiří; Švec, Pavel; Krejcar, Ondřej
There are occurring defects due to defects mechanisms on parts of production devices surfaces. Outer defects pronouncement is changing throw the time with unequal speed. This variability of defect’s mechanism development cause that is impossible to evaluate technical state of the device in any moment, without the necessary underlying information. Proposed model is based on analytical diagnostics basis. Stochastic model with usage of Weibull probability distribution can assign probability of function surface defect occurrence on the operational information in any moment basis. The knowledge of defect range limiting moment, then enable when and in what range will be necessary to make renewal.
The evaluation system of surface inequalities and defects of mold’s plates
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2015) Švec, Pavel; David, Jiří; Garzinová, Romana
The paper goal is to familiarize with problems of operative control computing support in steel works. In the introduction, there is characterized operative control from the basic function parts point of view with focus on product scheduling data support and maintenance support. The basic proposal is realization of the operational data acquisition system from the steel works. It act as specific maintenance and technological data, which will represent the key information about operational states and mainly for issue solving support incurred on specific technological places.
Surface diagnostics of narow plate moulds
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2015) Frischer, Robert; Krejcar, Ondřej; David, Jiří
The analysis of the issue of monitoring and diagnostics of surface of narrow crystallizer’s desks. There is described the development and the achieved laboratory results based on laser object surface scanning. The diagnostic system which is currently creating will be part of management systems to support service life of mould as a part of continuous steel casting device. The emergence of weariness is caused by many factors, influences and processes that act and run directly on the device, its individual parts, through its operation.
On experimental thermal analysis of solid materials
(de Gruyter, 2014) Koštial, Pavel; Špička, Ivo; Jančíková, Zora; Valíček, Jan; Harničárová, Marta; Hlinka, Josef
The paper is devoted to the presentation of a method for measurement of thermal conductivity k, specific heat capacity cp, and thermal diffusivity applying the lumped capacitance model (LCM) as a special case of Newton’s model of cooling. At the specific experimental conditions resulting from the theoretical analysis of the used model, we present a method for experimental determination of all three above mentioned thermal parameters for materials with different thermal transport properties. The input experimental data provide a cooling curve of the tested material. The evaluation of experimental data is realized by software, the fundamental features of which are presented here. The statistical analysis of experimental data was performed.

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