Spatial correlation based low energy aware clustering (LEACH) in a wireless sensor networks

Abstract

In this paper, an enhanced Low Energy Aware Cluster Head (LEACH) protocol is proposed. It applies aggregation strategies in the area monitored by sensor nodes to reduce the number of reports sent to sink and to save energy. The basic idea is to weight the information sensed by sensors based on the distortion area in order to estimate better the event at the sink node. This approach seeks to exploit the spatial correlation among nodes and among clusters to assign different importance to the information aggregated and forwarded by the cluster head nodes. A multi-zone monitoring related to clusters is proposed, and a dynamic weights management is presented to consider distortion at cluster level introduced in the event estimation. A mathematical formulation of the problem and the proposal to weight space and data information is led out. Simulation campaigns in Matlab show the effectiveness of the event estimation in terms of event estimation distortion and network lifetime.