Využití pyrolýzních produktů pro energetické účely.

Abstract

The submitted dissertation deals with the purification of pyrolysis gas from the PYROMATIC 250 unit for its subsequent energy recovery in the already designed absorption counter-current charging column. Specifically, it focuses on the determination of the amount of pollutants in the outgoing gas from the gas cleaning technology using a mathematical model depending on the process parameters. The gas exiting the pyrolysis unit contains a significant amount of pollutants. Three empirical mathematical models have been selected based on the research. The suitability of the selected models was then verified on a validation model. During these measurements, it was found that the gas cleaning technology is not able to handle the gas flow rate specified by the manufacturer. For this reason, all measurements were carried out at lower flow rates. Based on the measurements made, the Sherwood and Holloway model was selected. The next step was to verify the model under realistic conditions. During these measurements, the amount and composition of pollutants in the gas at the inlet side of the treatment technology was monitored. On the outlet side, the amount of pollutants was determined only gravimetrically, since the composition and amount of each component could not be determined due to their low concentration. The low concentrations correlate well with the selected mathematical model for all pollutants. The only pollutant for which this model is not completely valid is water. To determine the concentration of water in the pyrolysis gas, a regression equation was established based on measurements made with the gas cleaning technology at different flow rates of both media and at different temperatures. The proposed regression equation fits the measured data. During operation, some shortcomings of this cleaning technology were revealed, which affected the inability to clean higher gas flow rates. Therefore, some measures were proposed that could be implemented on the current plant without major interventions on the existing design. The most important one is the change of the filling to a more suitable one. The last point of this work is the treatment of the polluted water, which is generated during the operation of the technology and can be either disposed of or regenerated in a desorber. During the operation of the technology, the produced water was disposed of in the WWTP.