Pelletization of Biomass in Combination with Waste

Abstract

This Master's thesis investigates the pelletization of biomass combined with waste materials to enhance renewable energy production while implementing effective waste management strategies. The primary focus is on using sewage sludge from wastewater treatment and waste plastic fibers from used car seats, evaluating their suitability as biofuel sources when converted into pellets. The experimental study explores the technological parameter changes of these biomass pellets, both in their original state and after undergoing thermal degradation processes such as low-temperature roasting. The thesis begins with a comprehensive literature review on biomass types, focusing on its energy potential and environmental implications. It then examines various biomass conversion technologies, including thermo-chemical, biochemical, and physio-chemical methods, to assess their efficiency and environmental impact. The practical component involves the preparation and testing of pellets made from the designated waste materials. The pellets are subjected to various tests to measure changes in moisture content, particle size distribution, calorific values, and mechanical properties before and after the roasting process. The results highlight significant moisture loss and altered energy parameters, which could influence their application in energy production. The study also proposes modifications to the pelletizing process to optimize the energy output and sustainability of the biomass pellets. Additionally, it includes calculations for pellet consumption in residential heating systems, providing practical insights into the energy efficiency and environmental benefits of using waste-derived biomass pellets. The findings of this research could contribute to the advancement of waste management practices and the development of renewable energy technologies, aligning with global sustainability goals and the principles of the circular economy. This thesis not only addresses the technical aspects of pelletization but also considers the economic and environmental impacts, making a significant contribution to the field of renewable energy and sustainable waste management.