Regenerace, revitalizace a energetická náročnost obytných budov

Abstract

In this dissertation thesis "Regeneration, revitalization and energy intensity of residential buildings" I deal with particular algorithms and evaluation of energy consumption in residential houses in general and also in relation to a selected family house. In the general part of the thesis, methods of determining heat consumption for heating, ventilation, hot water preparation and methods of centralized and decentralized heat production are discussed. In the second part of the work, the so-called experimental part of the work, there are characteristic data of a particular family house, which I have chosen for elaboration and evaluation of the above mentioned topic from the theoretical and practical point of view. The experimental part of the thesis includes calculation of heat demand based on the method of heat loss of the so-called envelope of a family house. In order to compare the calculated results, the heat loss of a reference building of the same dimensions is calculated in a similar way in accordance with Decree No. 78/2013 Coll. and according to ČSN 73 0540-2 with values of heat transfer coefficients, i.e required and recommended values. The total calculated heat consumption for the monitored family house is 4,77 kW. Comparison of calculated values with reality, based on experimental monitoring of important parameters over several years, especially in 2010 and 2014, is discussed in the next part of the dissertation. The results from individual experiments are quite good with the theoretically determined algorithm. The output is the energy characteristics of the monitored family house. In chapter 8 I deal with a completely redesigned topic Dynamics and thermal stability of heating. I worked out this topic theoretically and verified its validity by experimenting the behavior of the temperature course in interrupted heating without ventilation and putting the heat source back into operation. The results of the experiment show a very good fit of the proposed theory with reality. Also included is a theory with ventilation at different ventilation rates. Chapters 9 and 10 focus on listing the possibilities of other sources of heat and electricity supply. A comparison is made with the current state of energy supply, i.e. a gas boiler and electricity from an external source. Possible energy sources are: • Heat pump, • Micro-cogeneration • and the use of solar energy through solar collectors and photovoltaic panels. In Chapter 11, I made an energy and economic evaluation of the various options considered. The evaluation assumes that for small houses in terms of energy and economy, the best option is to replace the existing boiler with a condensing boiler for heat supply and electricity supply from an external source, or a combination of a gas boiler and a solar collector to produce hot water. I believe that the results of my work could be used to generalize the assessment of the energy performance of the category of small residential buildings. In the topic of thermal stability of houses it is possible to continue with another solution of the proposed theory based on various building accumulation in terms of use for economical regulation of heating of houses for light and heavy buildings.