Návrh hydraulických řídicích prvků s využitím simulačních výpočtů

Abstract

The subject of the thesis is the design and optimization of construction of solenoid on/off and proportional hydraulic direction valves. At the same time, it aims to provide a generally valid methodology applicable to the development of direction valves. Modelling and simulation methods are engaged in the solution with the aim to reduce considerably the duration of the development cycle. Thanks to the possibility to carry out large number of virtual experiments also led to a higher quality final design. Mathematical models are compiled by using physical modelling in a programming environment Amesim. The CFD numerical models are used to simulate the forces resulting from the fluid flow through the valve. The simulated results of the flow – flow rate through the valve and the forces acting on the spool - are incorporated into the valves’ models used in the Amesim program. The paper describes the optimization by using genetic algorithms. The aim of the optimization is to increase the switching performance of valves and to reduce the pressure losses. Theoretical conclusions are verified in the optimization of a type range of cartridge solenoid direction valves, which contains five valves interconnected by variously configured port conections. The optimization results show that on four out of five valves it is possible to increase the switching performance thanks to the optimal settings of the springs as opposed to the original, on experience based settings. The results of tests carried out on two valves were verified by measuring the results of calculations, and a very good concurrence was achieved. The process and individual steps in the optimization of the type range of direction valves are based on the proposed methodology, which relies on the general theory of design of mechatronic systems, applied to the hydraulic control elements. The proposed methodology proves to be functional, effective and very useful in the development and construction of distributors.