Modelování a simulace zařízení pro zplyňování pevných paliv a odpadových materiálů

Abstract

,The present thesis explores the modeling and simulation of a study case in development at the department of power engineering of the Technical University of Ostrava. The equipment, which is already in operation, was projected to convert waste solid materials into a gas. The project is then looking for maximizing the gas phase produced from the thermal decomposition of the materials and also the best quality of the gas. The modeling technologies are widely applied in the industries because they are accurately and they bring substantial saves of money and time in the whole research task. A comprehensive simulator was used as a base to develop an approach that could be found a model compatible with the study case. It was verified that the best modeling approach was the one based on the one-dimensional model which cares about the evolution of the decomposition in order to the position on the reactor. The reactor is composed by two helical blades that force the material throughout the reactor in heterogeneous movements, therefore the 3D modeling would be worthless for that case. The system was analyzed as downdraft operation mode and the appropriated software tools were applied to describe the process in the way that software could read it. Then the values from the experiments were compared and some operational optimizations were made to ensure the good representation of the model. It presented compatibility in some parameters but also some limitation motivated by the profile of devolatilization that the software had in the database. The calibration of the model with the study case would request an input to the database of the devolatilization profile that describes the process. The results obtained are able to clear identify the process with the model and support the high interest that the good representation could bring to the whole project. The acquisition of an official license would bring the possibility to calibrate the model and so achieved with high accuracy the best results that the unit would be able to perform.