Pyrolýzní zpracování odpadního materiálu TETRA PAK

Abstract

The presented dissertation deals with the research of the possibilities of processing TETRA PAK waste packaging regarding its energy and material utilization. Specific is the use of thermal decomposition without air access – pyrolysis. The input material in the form of untreated aseptic and non-aseptic beverage packages and paper dishes, i.e. beverage packaging residues after the recycling of the paper component by the vortex pulping process, was processed on three different pyrolysis units in size from the experimental plant to large pilot plant units. The essence of the work is the evaluation of the yield and quality of the individual resulting fractions of the pyrolysis process, especially the attention is paid to the solid residue. In the case of beverage containers, in addition to carbon, the aluminium alloy, which is part of the aseptic beverage containers, is also found in the solid residue. The thesis deals with the research of the qualitative parameters of Al contained in the solid residue, examines the structural changes of aluminium during the pyrolysis process and provides the basic information necessary for the possible production of aluminium from the TETRA PAK beverage containers as a secondary material source for the processing industry. The dissertation thesis is structured into several parts, the continuity of which forms a coherent process leading to the fulfilment of the stated goals of the dissertation. The first part of the thesis deals with the pyrolysis processing of waste materials in general and summarizes the current technologies used in the processing of waste beverage packaging. The second part of the thesis is the actual set of experimental measurements on real pyrolysis units. A large quantity of beverage containers and the residues after the recycling of the paper component were selected as the input material so that the widest range of input materials could be included in the research. The paper examines the influence of the form of the input material, but also the storage times, the resulting yield and the quality of the pyrolysis products. The final part of the thesis deals with the interpretation of the results, their evaluation, discussion and their comparison with the results of other authors. At the end of this section, recommendations for further research in the field of energy and material utilization of waste beverage cartons are set.