Energetické využití a likvidace kalů ČOV

Abstract

The dissertation is focused on the energy use and disposal of sludge from wastewater treatment plants with regard to compliance with emission limits and operating parameters of energy equipment. The main attention is focused on the thermal disposal of sludge in existing energy facilities. Due to the tightening of Decree No. 437/2016 Coll. on the conditions for the use of treated sludge on agricultural land, it is necessary to look for other ways of disposing of sewage sludge. The amendment to the decree instructs the operators of wastewater treatment plants to verify the effectiveness of the sanitation of these sludges, which results in considerable financial resources. The work describes the processing of sewage sludge and describes their subsequent use applied in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, the work mentions the possibilities of thermal disposal of these sludges. Thermal disposal of sewage sludge is one of the ways to eliminate the negative impact on the use of sewage sludge in agriculture. In the next part of the work I solved the transport and dosing of dewatered sewage sludge to the combustion plant, calculation of mixed emission limits and calculation of boiler efficiency according to the standard ČSN ISO 12 952-15. In the experimental part of the work I focused on the implementation and evaluation of combustion tests. The work compares the operation of individual plants in the combustion of coal and a mixture of coal and sewage sludge in given weight ratios. The work shows the temperature field in the combustion chamber, emission curves, analysis of incoming and outgoing operating materials and comparison of the resulting efficiencies of the equipment.