Návrh přihřívače a odlučovače.

Abstract

The work focuses on the issue of steam turbine operation operating with saturated steam and the associated steam condensation during expansion. The aim of the work was to process this topic and, thanks to its knowledge, to create a design for a suitable moisture separator with a steam reheater after expansion on the high-pressure stage of the turbine. At the beginning of the work, the reason for the formation of condensate in the steam is processed, then what impacts the moisture in the steam flow has on the turbine and then the possibilities of how to mitigate the formation and effects of condensation. The last point of the work is the thermal calculation of the required tube lengths of a two-stage hairpin exchanger for steam reheating with the specified parameters. The EES program was used in the calculation to determine the exact values ​​and steam constants. The result is a design of specific dimensions of the reheater, using only one heating medium for heating the incoming steam, which can then be fed to the low-pressure part of the turbine. The work provides insight into the operation of nuclear power plants, where despite their advanced technology, we are constantly trying to improve the cycle. This is primarily the secondary cycle of the power plant, where the turbines must process a large amount of steam with lower parameters, while managing the effects of condensation between the turbine blade stages. By minimizing these impacts, it is possible not only to extend the life of the turbine, but also to increase its overall efficiency.