Aditivní odsiřování hydrogenuhličitanem sodným v práškových ohništích

Abstract

PILAŘ, L. Additive desulphurization by sodium bicarbonate in pulverized-fuel furnaces. VŠB – TU Ostrava, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Power Engineering, 2009, number of pages 117, Dissertation, supervisor Kadlec, Z. The main objective of the dissertation is to assess the effectivity of reduction of sulphur oxides content in combustion products below the 200 mg/mN 3 emission limit by dosing sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 into the flue ways before the electrostatic fly-ash separator, i.e. employing the dry additive method of reducing the content of sulphur oxides in combustion products. The first experimental desulphurization in the Czech Republic, employing the sodium bicarbonate additive method, was performed with the use of a 220t/h boiler. The thesis is divided into several, closely related chapters quoting all indispensable information. The thesis, as mentioned above, is divided into several thematically related chapters. The initial chapter deals with the current energy demandingness in the Czech Republic, EU and in other parts of the world. It further quotes the legislative issues concerning sources of SO2 emissions and their limits, in accordance with the Act 146/2007Coll., as the main goal of the dissertation is elimination of sulphur oxides in combustion products. In order to provide a full view, this chapter quotes a range of data concerning annual SO2 emission values of some major sources in the Czech Republic. The objective of the theoretical part of the thesis is to bring out information concerning energy budgets, legislative issues, yearly values, and substantial SO2 emission sources in the Czech Republic. The following chapter brings a detailed description of the theoretical part concerning reduction of sulphur oxides, including both primary and secondary measures. The second chapter, dealing with an in-depth view of the problems related to elimination of sulphur oxides, further offers overall information on lime and coal management of ČEZ, a.s., representing the company which covers a major part of electric energy consumption in the Czech Republic. The above mentioned chapters introduce the theoretical part of the thesis. However, the main objective of the work is carrying out of an experimental desulphurization test the purpose of which is to find out and explore the possibilities of reducing the levels of sulphur oxides below the emission limit of 200 mg/mN 3 by way of a dry method using a different additive than CaCO3. During the experiment, a sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 based preparation was used. This preparation was firs ground to a required fraction and fed consequently into the flue ways before the electrostatic fly-ash separator. The whole experiment is supported by gaseous emission measurements located before the point where the NaHCO3 based preparation is fed to the flue ways, as well as subsequent measuring of SO2 gaseous emissions behind the electrostatic fly-ash separator. The results are further supported by chemical analyses of fly-ash samples from individual sections of the separator.