Posouzení výkonnosti tradičních a netradičních investičních nástrojů

Abstract

This bachelor’s thesis provides a comprehensive assessment of the performance of selected traditional and non-traditional investment instruments, focusing on their returns and associated risks. The theoretical part defines the fundamental principles of investing, describes the selected financial instruments, and outlines key investment risks along with the evaluation methodology. The practical part focuses on a comparative analysis of real historical data for the period from January 2018 to November 2025. The analyzed sample includes technology stocks of the “Magnificent Seven” group, broad market indices (S&P 500, MSCI World), an actively managed fund, and dominant cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum). Investment efficiency is evaluated using metrics such as total return, annualized return, standard deviation, and the Sharpe ratio. The results confirm that while narrowly focused technology stocks and Bitcoin achieved extraordinary appreciation, they are associated with high volatility and specific risk. The thesis concludes that, for a retail investor, broad diversification through index instruments represents the most stable path to achieving long-term investment objectives.