Measuring the energy for the molecular graphs of antiviral agents: Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine and Remdesivir

dc.contributor.authorAftab, Muhammad Haroon
dc.contributor.authorAkgül, Ali
dc.contributor.authorRiaz, Muhammad Bilal
dc.contributor.authorHussain, Muhammad
dc.contributor.authorJebreen, Kamel
dc.contributor.authorKanj, Hassan, Hassan
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-15T05:36:52Z
dc.date.available2026-05-15T05:36:52Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractWe consider the energy for the molecular graphs of antiviral agents like Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir and Chloroquine. These drugs play a vital role in the treatment of COVID-19. Let Gamma(1), Gamma(2) and Gamma(3) be the n-dimensional graphs of the molecular structures of antiviral agents Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine and Remdesivir, respectively. We define their energies as E '(Gamma(1)) = Sigma vertical bar lambda(i)'vertical bar, E '(Gamma 2) = Sigma vertical bar lambda(j)'vertical bar and E '(Gamma 3) = Sigma vertical bar lambda(k)'vertical bar, respectively. Where the sets {lambda(1)'(Gamma(1)), lambda(2)'(Gamma(1)), lambda(3)'(Gamma(1)), ..., lambda(n)'(Gamma(1))}, {lambda(1)'(Gamma(2)), lambda(2)'(Gamma(2)), lambda(3)'(Gamma(2)), ..., lambda(n)'(Gamma(2))} and { lambda(1)'(Gamma 3), lambda(2)'(Gamma 3), lambda(3)'(Gamma 3), ..., lambda(n)'(Gamma 3)} depict the eigenvalues for the adjacency matrices of Gamma 1, Gamma 2 and Gamma 3, respectively. We have developed some basic ideas and properties in order to measure the energies for the antiviral agents Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine and Remdesivir.
dc.description.firstpage333
dc.description.lastpage337
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.description.volume47
dc.identifier.citationSouth African Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2024, vol. 47, p. 333-337.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.sajce.2023.12.006
dc.identifier.issn1026-9185
dc.identifier.issn2589-0344
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/158621
dc.identifier.wos001292453700001
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseriesSouth African Journal of Chemical Engineering
dc.relation.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajce.2023.12.006
dc.rights© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of South African Institution of Chemical Engineers.
dc.rights.accessopenAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjecteigenvalues
dc.subjectenergy
dc.subjectHydroxychloroquine
dc.subjectRemdesivir
dc.subjectChloroquine
dc.subjectmolecule
dc.subjectadjacency matrix
dc.titleMeasuring the energy for the molecular graphs of antiviral agents: Hydroxychloroquine, Chloroquine and Remdesivir
dc.typearticle
dc.type.statusPeer-reviewed
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion
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