Process of Head Lamps for Low Beam Luminous Intensity Distribution Curves Evaluation

Abstract

This research explores the photometric performance, luminous intensity distribution, and regulatory compliance of three automotive headlamp systems: ŠKODA KODIAQ SK326 1 A+ SUV (equipped with an H7 halogen bulb), the ŠKODA ENYAQ SK316 BASIS (featuring a standard LED prefield module), and the ŠKODA ENYAQ SK316 HIGH (integrating an advanced Matrix LED module). The purpose of this study was to verify the performance of these technologies with respect to UNECE Regulations No. 48, No. 37, No. 128, and No. 112, with particular focus on luminous intensity distribution, sharpness of the cutoff line, and control of intensity in the photometric zones. For the experiment, measurement was conducted on a calibrated screen from a distance of 10 meters, where the luminous intensity values at vital points were captured and used to create the color photometry maps, cut-off maps, and Isolux diagrams. The results indicated that all three headlamps passed the minimum requirement stated in regulations, but the Matrix LED system accomplished superior performance in beam precision, zone illumination, and glare control compared to the other two systems. The LED prefield system improved over the halogen unit because the latter had the lowest luminous flux. The halogen system met the basic requirement, but had a reduced luminous output that could result from the lamp's aging. Generally, the study showed how the emerging LED technologies provide adequate illumination on the road and improve the safety of automotive lighting.