Vliv motorových paliv na součásti historických vozidel

Abstract

This thesis addresses the issue of the impact of modern motor fuels containing bio-components on materials used in the fuel systems of historic vehicles. The theoretical part defines historic vehicles and explains the significance of their preservation. It also describes the function of internal combustion engines and outlines the development of motor fuels up to the present day. Furthermore, it specifies the required parameters for automotive gasoline and diesel fuel, including the maximum permissible content of bio-components. Subsequently, it discusses the negative properties of these substances, particularly their reduced oxidative stability, shorter potential storage life, and possible degradative effects on materials.

Based on these findings, an experiment was designed and carried out to simulate long-term contact of various types of motor fuels with materials commonly used in the fuel systems of historic vehicles. The testing was conducted over a period of eight weeks, and a colorimetric method was used to evaluate the metallic samples. The results partially confirmed that fuels with a higher content of bio-components exhibit more pronounced degradative effects, particularly on copper and brass samples. In contrast, the influence of the applied additives did not yield entirely conclusive results. The conclusion of the thesis states that current motor fuels containing bio-components show signs of degradation even within a shorter period than their stated maximum recommended storage time.